Detailed explanation of vue specified component cache instance

keep-alive is a built-in component of Vue that allows included components to retain state or avoid re-rendering. This article mainly introduces Vue's designated component cache. Friends who need it can refer to

keep-alive introduction

keep-alive is Vue A built-in component that enables the contained component to retain state or avoid re-rendering.

Usage is also very simple:

<keep-alive>
 <component>
 <!-- 该组件将被缓存！ -->
 </component>
</keep-alive>

props

include - string or regular expression , only matching components will be cached
exclude - string or regular expression, any matching components will not be cached

// 组件 a
export default {
 name: 'a',
 data () {
 return {}
 }
}
<keep-alive include="a">
 <component>
 <!-- name 为 a 的组件将被缓存！ -->
 </component>
</keep-alive>可以保留它的状态或避免重新渲染
<keep-alive exclude="a">
 <component>
 <!-- 除了 name 为 a 的组件都将被缓存！ -->
 </component>
</keep-alive>可以保留它的状态或避免重新渲染

<keep-alive include="test-keep-alive">
 <!-- 将缓存name为test-keep-alive的组件 -->
 <component></component>
</keep-alive>

<keep-alive include="a,b">
 <!-- 将缓存name为a或者b的组件，结合动态组件使用 -->
 <component :is="view"></component>
</keep-alive>

<!-- 使用正则表达式，需使用v-bind -->
<keep-alive :include="/a|b/">
 <component :is="view"></component>
</keep-alive>

<!-- 动态判断 -->
<keep-alive :include="includedComponents">
 <router-view></router-view>
</keep-alive>

<keep-alive exclude="test-keep-alive">
 <!-- 将不缓存name为test-keep-alive的组件 -->
 <component></component>
</keep-alive>

Meet vue-router

router-view is also a component. If it is directly wrapped in keep-alive, all view components matching the path will be cached:

<keep-alive>
 <router-view>
 <!-- 所有路径匹配到的视图组件都会被缓存！ -->
 </router-view>
</keep-alive>

However, the product always needs to change its requirements, and there is no way to stop it...

Problem

What should I do if I only want a certain component in router-view to be cached?

Use include/exclude
Add the router.meta attribute
Use include/exclude

// 组件 a
export default {
 name: 'a',
 data () {
 return {}
 }
}
<keep-alive include="a">
 <router-view>
 <!-- 只有路径匹配到的视图 a 组件会被缓存！ -->
 </router-view>
</keep-alive>

exclude The example is similar.

Disadvantages: You need to know the name of the component, which is not a good choice when the project is complex

Add the router.meta attribute

// routes 配置
export default [
 {
 path: '/',
 name: 'home',
 component: Home,
 meta: {
 keepAlive: true // 需要被缓存
 }
 }, {
 path: '/:id',
 name: 'edit',
 component: Edit,
 meta: {
 keepAlive: false // 不需要被缓存
 }
 }
]
<keep-alive>
 <router-view v-if="$route.meta.keepAlive">
 <!-- 这里是会被缓存的视图组件，比如 Home！ -->
 </router-view>
</keep-alive>

<router-view v-if="!$route.meta.keepAlive">
 <!-- 这里是不被缓存的视图组件，比如 Edit！ -->
</router-view>

Advantages: No need to enumerate the name of the component that needs to be cached

[Salt] Use router.meta to expand

Suppose there are 3 routes: A, B, C.

Requirements:

Default display A
B jumps to A, A does not refresh
C jumps to A, A refreshes
Implementation method

In A Set the meta attribute in the route:

{
 path: '/',
 name: 'A',
 component: A,
 meta: {
 keepAlive: true // 需要被缓存
 }
}

Set beforeRouteLeave in the B component:

export default {
 data() {
 return {};
 },
 methods: {},
 beforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {
  // 设置下一个路由的 meta
 to.meta.keepAlive = true; // 让 A 缓存，即不刷新
 next();
 }
};

Set beforeRouteLeave in the C component:

export default {
 data() {
 return {};
 },
 methods: {},
 beforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {
 // 设置下一个路由的 meta
 to.meta.keepAlive = false; // 让 A 不缓存，即刷新
 next();
 }
};

In this way, B can return to A, A will not refresh; and C will refresh when returning to A.

The above is what I compiled for everyone. I hope it will be helpful to everyone in the future.

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