How to use node to implement token-based authentication

This time I will show you how to use node to implement token-based authentication, and what are the precautions for using node to implement token-based authentication. The following is a practical case, let's take a look.

Recently studied token-based authentication and integrated this mechanism into personal projects. Nowadays, the authentication method of many websites has shifted from the traditional seesion cookie to token verification. Compared with traditional verification methods, tokens do have better scalability and security.

Traditionalsession Cookie authentication

Since HTTP is stateless, it does not record the user's identity. After the user sends the account and password to the server, the background passes the verification, but the status is not recorded, so the next user's request still needs to verify the identity. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to generate a record containing the user's identity on the server side, that is, session, and then send this record to the user and store it locally in the user's local area, that is, cookie. Next, the user's request will bring this cookie. If the client's cookie and the server's session can match, it means that the user's identity authentication has passed.

Token identity verification

The process is roughly as follows:

1. When making the first request, the user sends the account number and password

2. If the background verification passes, a time-sensitive token will be generated, and then this token will be sent to the user.

3. After the user obtains the token, Store this token locally, usually in localstorage or cookie

4. . Each subsequent request will add this token to the request header, and all interfaces that need to verify identity will be checked. Verify the token. If the data parsed by the token contains user identity information, the identity verification is passed.

Compared with traditional verification methods, token verification has the following advantages:

1. In token-based authentication, the token is transmitted through the request header. Instead of storing authentication information in session or cookie. This means stateless. You can send requests to the server from any terminal that can send HTTP requests.

2. Can avoid CSRF attacks

3. When the session is read, written or deleted in the application, a file operation will occur in temp folder of the operating system, at least the first time. Assume there are multiple servers and the session is created on the first service. When you send the request again and the request lands on another server, the session information does not exist and you get an "unauthenticated" response. I know, you can solve this problem with a sticky session. However, in token-based authentication, this problem is naturally solved. There is no sticky session problem because the request token is intercepted on every request sent to the server.

The following is an introduction to using node jwt (jwt tutorial) to build a simple token identity verification

Example

When a user When logging in for the first time, submit the account and password to the server. If the server passes the verification, the corresponding token will be generated. The code is as follows:

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');
const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
//生成token的方法
function generateToken(data){
  let created = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
  let cert = fs.readFileSync(path.join(dirname, '../config/pri.pem'));//私钥
  let token = jwt.sign({
    data,
    exp: created + 3600 * 24
  }, cert, {algorithm: 'RS256'});
  return token;
}
//登录接口
router.post('/oa/login', async (ctx, next) => {
  let data = ctx.request.body；
  let {name, password} = data;
  let sql = 'SELECT uid FROM t_user WHERE name=? and password=? and is_delete=0', value = [name, md5(password)];
  await db.query(sql, value).then(res => {
    if (res && res.length > 0) {
      let val = res[0];
      let uid = val['uid'];
      let token = generateToken({uid});
      ctx.body = {
        ...Tips[0], data: {token}
      }
    } else {
      ctx.body = Tips[1006];
    }
  }).catch(e => {
    ctx.body = Tips[1002];
  });
});

The user will store the token obtained locally after passing the verification:

store.set('loginedtoken',token);//store为插件

After the client requests an interface that requires identity verification, the token will be placed in the request header and passed to the server:

service.interceptors.request.use(config => {
  let params = config.params || {};
  let loginedtoken = store.get('loginedtoken');
  let time = Date.now();
  let {headers} = config;
  headers = {...headers,loginedtoken};
  params = {...params,_:time};
  config = {...config,params,headers};
  return config;
}, error => {
  Promise.reject(error);
})

The server intercepts the token and verifies the legitimacy of all interfaces that require login. .

function verifyToken(token){
  let cert = fs.readFileSync(path.join(dirname, '../config/pub.pem'));//公钥
  try{
    let result = jwt.verify(token, cert, {algorithms: ['RS256']}) || {};
    let {exp = 0} = result,current = Math.floor(Date.now()/1000);
    if(current <= exp){
      res = result.data || {};
    }
  }catch(e){
  }
  return res;
}
app.use(async(ctx, next) => {
  let {url = ''} = ctx;
  if(url.indexOf('/user/') > -1){//需要校验登录态
    let header = ctx.request.header;
    let {loginedtoken} = header;
    if (loginedtoken) {
      let result = verifyToken(loginedtoken);
      let {uid} = result;
      if(uid){
        ctx.state = {uid};
        await next();
      }else{
        return ctx.body = Tips[1005];
      }
    } else {
      return ctx.body = Tips[1005];
    }
  }else{
    await next();
  }
});

The public key and private key used in this example can be generated by yourself. The operation is as follows:

1. Open the command line tool, enter openssl, and open openssl;

2. Generate private key: genrsa -out rsa_private_key.pem 2048

3. Generate public key: rsa -in rsa_private_key.pem -pubout -out rsa_public_key.pem

I believe you have mastered the method after reading the case in this article. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the php Chinese website!

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The above is the detailed content of How to use node to implement token-based authentication. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!