PHP实现多服务器session共享之NFS共享
前言,Nio大侠提出了session多服务器共享的问题,原文请见PHP 实现多服务器共享 SESSION 数据。
其中,有一种方法就是利用NFS来共享session,如果session量比较大并且所有的session文件都在同一个子目录下的话,那么可能会由此带来很严重的负载问题,甚至导致网站无法使用。本文就是对这个方案做一下详细的解说。
首先,修改 php.ini的 session.save_path 选项,大致如下:
session.save_path = "2;/tmp/php_sess"
意为把session存放在 "/tmp/php_sess" 目录下,并且分成 2 级子目录,每级子目录又分别有 16 个子目录。
接下来,假设php的主目录为 /usr/local/server/php/,则新建一个文件 /usr/local/server/php/include/php/ext/session/mod_files.sh,其内容如下:
#! /bin/sh
# NAME
# mod_files.sh - Update of the php-source/ext/session/mod_files.sh
#
# SYNOPSIS
# mod_files.sh basedir depth [numberofsubdirs]
#
# DESCRIPTION
# this script creates the directories tree used by php to store the session files
# (see php.ini - 'session.save_path' option)
#
# Example: if you want php to store the session files in a directory tree
# of 3 levels of depth containing 32 directories in each directory,
# first, put the setting bellow in the php.ini file:
#
# session.save_path = "3;/tmp/session"
#
# Now create the basedir directory: 'mkdir /tmp/session'
#
# Then, call this scrip with the following arguments:
#
# ./mod_files.sh ./mod_files.sh /tmp/session 3 32
if test "$2" = ""; then
echo "usage: $0 basedir depth [numberofsubdirs]"
echo "numberofsubdirs: if unset, defaults to 16. if 32, 32 subdirs, if 64, 64 subdirs."
exit 1
fi
if test "$2" = "0"; then
exit 0
fi
hash_chars="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f"
if [ ! -z $3 ] ; then
if test "$3" -a "$3" -eq "32"; then
hash_chars="$hash_chars g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v"
if test "$3" -eq "64"; then
hash_chars="$hash_chars w x y z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z - ,"
fi
fi
fi
for i in $hash_chars; do
newpath="$1/$i"
mkdir $newpath || exit 1
sh $0 $newpath `expr $2 - 1` $3
done
设置为可执行之后,运行以下命令来创建哈希目录:
shell>#cd /usr/local/server/php/include/php/ext/session/
shell>#./mod_files.sh /tmp/php_sess 2 16
现在,就开始设置 NFS 共享了。假定有3台主机,ip分别为192.168.0.1(主机名svr1)、192.168.0.2(主机名svr2)、192.168.0.3(主机名svr3),现在让192.168.0.1来提供NFS共享服务,配置 /etc/exports,加入如下内容:
/tmp/php_sess/ svr*(rw,no_root_squash)
然后重启 nfs 服务,即可对另外两台主机提供NFS共享了。
在 svr2、svr3 上执行以下命令来挂在NFS:
shell>#mkdir /tmp/php_sess
shell>#mount svr1:/tmp/php_sess /tmp/php_sess
最后,在这两个主机上对 php.ini 增加/修改上面提到的内容,然后重启apache即可。

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