1.简介
Composer是一个PHP的代码包依赖管理工具。它不是一个包管理工具,它涉及到"packages" 和 "libraries",是在项目的基础上进行管理,在项目中某个地方(例如vendor)进行安装。因此Composer仅仅是一个依赖管理工具。
2.Windows安装
安装步骤:
第一步:下载并且运行 Composer-Setup.exe,按照指示完成安装(需要配置PHP环境);
第二步:打开命令行窗口,执行composer -V,看到版本信息后说明安装完成;
3.项目安装(以Yii为例)
3.1 安装Yii
第一步:在执行以下命令
composer global require "fxp/composer-asset-plugin:^1.3.1"composer create-project --prefer-dist --stability=dev yiisoft/yii2-app-basic basic注: 第一条命令安装 Composer asset plugin, 它是通过 Composer 管理 bower 和 npm 包所必须的,此命令全局生效。第二条命令安装 Yii 的最新开发版本。 第二步:访问Yii,能看到正常页面说明安装成功。 3.2 安装yii2-mongodb的扩展
第一步:cd到yii2的项目目录,执行以下命令
composer require --prefer-dist yiisoft/yii2-mongodb
第二步:安装完成后,查看vendor\yiisoft是否创建了yii2-mongodb,如果过创建了则安装成功。
3.3 Composer.json文件
配置说明:
1.require 定义了项目需要哪些包,~2.0.14表示>=2.0.14 and 2.autoload 定义了自动加载的文件,psr-4表示遵循PSR-4命名空间的自动加载规范
3.name 包的名称
4.示例的配置项repositories 表示从composer加载一个包https://asset-packagist.org
5.type 定义资源类型,示例定义的是yii的扩展
示例:
{ "name": "yiisoft/yii2-mongodb", "description": "MongoDB extension for the Yii framework", "keywords": ["yii2", "mongo", "mongodb", "active-record", "gridfs"], "type": "yii2-extension", "license": "BSD-3-Clause", "support": { "issues": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2-mongodb/issues", "forum": "http://www.yiiframework.com/forum/", "wiki": "http://www.yiiframework.com/wiki/", "irc": "irc://irc.freenode.net/yii", "source": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2-mongodb" }, "authors": [ { "name": "Paul Klimov", "email": "klimov.paul@gmail.com" } ], "require": { "yiisoft/yii2": "~2.0.14", "ext-mongodb": ">=1.0.0" }, "repositories": [ { "type": "composer", "url": "https://asset-packagist.org" } ], "autoload": { "psr-4": { "yii\\mongodb\\": "src" } }, "extra": { "branch-alias": { "dev-master": "2.1.x-dev" } }}
3.4 Composer常用命令行
composer -v 反馈信息的详细度
composer -h 显示帮助信息。
composer -q 禁止输出任何信息
composer -n 不要询问任何交互问题
php composer.phar install 安装
php composer.phar update 更新
php composer.phar require 申明依赖
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Laravel在Windows下用Composer安装的步骤
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PHP is a server-side scripting language used for dynamic web development and server-side applications. 1.PHP is an interpreted language that does not require compilation and is suitable for rapid development. 2. PHP code is embedded in HTML, making it easy to develop web pages. 3. PHP processes server-side logic, generates HTML output, and supports user interaction and data processing. 4. PHP can interact with the database, process form submission, and execute server-side tasks.

PHP has shaped the network over the past few decades and will continue to play an important role in web development. 1) PHP originated in 1994 and has become the first choice for developers due to its ease of use and seamless integration with MySQL. 2) Its core functions include generating dynamic content and integrating with the database, allowing the website to be updated in real time and displayed in personalized manner. 3) The wide application and ecosystem of PHP have driven its long-term impact, but it also faces version updates and security challenges. 4) Performance improvements in recent years, such as the release of PHP7, enable it to compete with modern languages. 5) In the future, PHP needs to deal with new challenges such as containerization and microservices, but its flexibility and active community make it adaptable.

The core benefits of PHP include ease of learning, strong web development support, rich libraries and frameworks, high performance and scalability, cross-platform compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners; 2) Good integration with web servers and supports multiple databases; 3) Have powerful frameworks such as Laravel; 4) High performance can be achieved through optimization; 5) Support multiple operating systems; 6) Open source to reduce development costs.

PHP is not dead. 1) The PHP community actively solves performance and security issues, and PHP7.x improves performance. 2) PHP is suitable for modern web development and is widely used in large websites. 3) PHP is easy to learn and the server performs well, but the type system is not as strict as static languages. 4) PHP is still important in the fields of content management and e-commerce, and the ecosystem continues to evolve. 5) Optimize performance through OPcache and APC, and use OOP and design patterns to improve code quality.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on the project requirements. 1) PHP is suitable for web development, easy to learn, rich community resources, but the syntax is not modern enough, and performance and security need to be paid attention to. 2) Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and easy to learn, but there are bottlenecks in execution speed and memory management.

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.


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