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JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

小云云
小云云Original
2018-01-29 11:46:352144browse

In this article, we will first learn about cookies, and then share with you the implementation method of reading and writing cookies in JavaScript. I hope it can help you.

First of all, let us briefly understand cookies.
In the process of making web pages, we often need to transfer information from one page to another. At this time, we need to use cookies in JavaScript mechanism. Simply put, cookies provide a convenient way to save small amounts of data on the user's computer and obtain it remotely, allowing websites to save details such as the user's habit settings or the time of the last visit to the website. The cookie itself is a short piece of information that can be saved on the user's computer by the page and then read by other pages. Cookies are generally set to expire after a certain period of time.
 Of course, cookies also have limitations: browsers have limits on the number of cookies that can be saved, usually a few hundred or more. Under normal circumstances, 20 cookies are allowed per domain name, and each domain can save up to 4KB of cookies. In addition to the problems that may be caused by size restrictions, there are also many reasons that may cause cookies on the hard disk to disappear, such as reaching the expiration date. Or the user cleared the cookie information, or switched to another browser. Therefore, cookies are not suitable for storing important data. When writing code, you must also consider how to handle cookie acquisition exceptions.
 In JavaScript, use the cookie attribute of the document object to store and retrieve cookies. Usually, the information in document.cookie is a string consisting of pairs of names and values. The form of each pair of data is:

name=value;

 Below we will use a simple example to show how to read and write cookies in JavaScript.
 First is createCookie.html, which will be created in this page A cookie, the complete code is as follows: 

<html>
<head>
    <title>createCookie</title>
    <script>
        function createCookie(){
            //get name and password
            var name = document.getElementById("name").value;
            var pwd = document.getElementById("pwd").value;
            //create cookie
            document.cookie = name+'|'+pwd;
            //go to showCookie.html page
            window.location.href = "showCookie.html";
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    Userame:  <input id="name" type="text" /><br><br>
    Password:  <input id="pwd" type="password" /><br><br>
    <button onclick="createCookie()">Submit</submit>
</body>
</html>

The screenshot of the page is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

Click the submit button and a cookie will be created. cookie, the Username and Password information is saved in this cookie, and it will jump to the showCookie.html page. Among them, the complete code of the showCookie.html page is as follows: 

<html>
<head>
    <title>showCookie</title>
    <script>
        function showCookie(){
            //document.cookie is a string, using split() function to get cookie date in array form 
            var arr = document.cookie.split('|');
            //processing data in cookie
            var cookie_info = 'Data in cookie:<br>username is:  '+arr[0]+"<br>password is:  "+arr[1]+'<br>';
            //set content of element of id "res"
            document.getElementById("res").innerHTML = cookie_info;
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <button onclick="showCookie()">Show Cookie</button>
    <p id="res"></p>
</body>
</html>

The screenshot of the page is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

Click the show Cookie button to display the information in the cookie.
 Next, we will run this program locally and on the server, and run this program on IE browser and Chrome browser respectively to see how the cookie works.
  First we run this program locally, and we put the above two files in the E drive. First run it on the IE browser, enter the information on the createCookie.html page, and click the submit button. The screenshot is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

Jump to showCookie .html page, click the show Cookie button, the page screenshot is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

Cookies run normally in the IE browser in the local environment.
 Next, let’s take a look at the operation in the Chrome browser. First, open the createCookie.html page in the Chrome browser, enter the information, and click the submit button. The screenshot is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

After jumping to the showCookie.html page, click the show Cookie button. The screenshot of the page is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

## The same program, this time the cookie failed to run in the Chrome browser.

 Then let us run this program in the server. We need to use xampp and open the Apache server. Place the above two html files in the htdocs folder under the xampp installation folder (for specific operation methods, please refer to this article Blog: Using AJAX with JavaScript (for beginners)). We now run the program in the IE browser and enter the URL in the IE browser: http://localhost/createCookie...:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

Click the Submit button, jump to the showCookie.html page, and click the show Cookie button. The screenshot is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

 Then we enter it in the Chrome browser URL: http://localhost/createCookie...:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

Click the Submit button, jump to the showCookie.html page, and click show Cookie button, the screenshot is as follows:

JavaScript implementation method of reading and writing cookies

#This time in the server environment, the cookies of IE browser and Chrome browser are running normally!

Related recommendations:

How to implement jQuery encrypted cookies

Detailed explanation of JavaScript to obtain cookies and delete cookies

How to use cookies with jQuery

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