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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialphp面向对象全攻略 (十七) 自动加载类_php基础

自动加载类
很多开发者写面向对象的应用程序时,对每个类的定义建立一个PHP 源文件。一个很大
的烦恼是不得不在每个脚本(每个类一个文件)开头写一个长长的包含文件的列表。
在软件开发的系统中,不可能把所有的类都写在一个PHP 文件中,当在一个PHP 文件
中需要调用另一个文件中声明的类时,就需要通过include 把这个文件引入。不过有的时候,
在文件众多的项目中,要一一将所需类的文件都include 进来,是一个很让人头疼的事,所以
我们能不能在用到什么类的时候,再把这个类所在的PHP 文件导入呢?这就是我们这里我们
要讲的自动加载类。
在PHP5 中,可以定义一个__autoload()函数,它会在试图使用尚未被定义的类时自动调
用,通过调用此函数,脚本引擎在PHP 出错失败前有了最后一个机会加载所需的类,
__autoload()函数接收的一个参数,就是你想加载的类的类名,所以你做项目时,在组织定义
类的文件名时,需要按照一定的规则,最好以类名为中心,也可以加上统一的前缀或后缀形
成文件名,比如xxx_classname.php、classname_xxx.php 以及就是classname.php 等等。
本例尝试分别从MyClass1.php 和MyClass2.php 文件中加载MyClass1 和MyClass2 类
代码片段

复制代码 代码如下:

function __autoload($classname) {
require_once $classname . '.php';
}
//MyClass1类不存在自动调用__autoload()函数,传入参数”MyClass1”
$obj = new MyClass1();
//MyClass2类不存在自动调用__autoload()函数,传入参数”MyClass2”
$obj2 = new MyClass2();
?>
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