Summary of javascript string functions_basic knowledge
JS自带函数
concat
将两个或多个字符的文本组合起来,返回一个新的字符串。
var a = "hello"; var b = ",world"; var c = a.concat(b); alert(c); //c = "hello,world"
indexOf
返回字符串中一个子串第一处出现的索引(从左到右搜索)。如果没有匹配项,返回 -1 。
var index1 = a.indexOf("l"); //index1 = 2 var index2 = a.indexOf("l",3); //index2 = 3
charAt
返回指定位置的字符。
var get_char = a.charAt(0); //get_char = "h"
lastIndexOf
返回字符串中一个子串最后一处出现的索引(从右到左搜索),如果没有匹配项,返回 -1 。
var index1 = lastIndexOf('l'); //index1 = 3 var index2 = lastIndexOf('l',2) //index2 = 2
match
检查一个字符串匹配一个正则表达式内容,如果么有匹配返回 null。
var re = new RegExp(/^\w+$/); var is_alpha1 = a.match(re); //is_alpha1 = "hello" var is_alpha2 = b.match(re); //is_alpha2 = null
substring
返回字符串的一个子串,传入参数是起始位置和结束位置。
var sub_string1 = a.substring(1); //sub_string1 = "ello" var sub_string2 = a.substring(1,4); //sub_string2 = "ell"
substr
返回字符串的一个子串,传入参数是起始位置和长度
var sub_string1 = a.substr(1); //sub_string1 = "ello" var sub_string2 = a.substr(1,4); //sub_string2 = "ello"
replace
用来查找匹配一个正则表达式的字符串,然后使用新字符串代替匹配的字符串。
var result1 = a.replace(re,"Hello"); //result1 = "Hello" var result2 = b.replace(re,"Hello"); //result2 = ",world"
search
执行一个正则表达式匹配查找。如果查找成功,返回字符串中匹配的索引值。否则返回 -1 。
var index1 = a.search(re); //index1 = 0 var index2 = b.search(re); //index2 = -1
slice
提取字符串的一部分,并返回一个新字符串(与 substring 相同)。
var sub_string1 = a.slice(1); //sub_string1 = "ello" var sub_string2 = a.slice(1,4); //sub_string2 = "ell"
split
通过将字符串划分成子串,将一个字符串做成一个字符串数组。
var arr1 = a.split(""); //arr1 = [h,e,l,l,o]
length
返回字符串的长度,所谓字符串的长度是指其包含的字符的个数。
var len = a.length(); //len = 5
toLowerCase
将整个字符串转成小写字母。
var lower_string = a.toLowerCase(); //lower_string = "hello"
toUpperCase
将整个字符串转成大写字母。
var upper_string = a.toUpperCase(); //upper_string = "HELLO"
字符串函数扩充
/*
===========================================
//去除左边的空格
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.LTrim = function() { return this.replace(/(^\s*)/g, ""); }
/*
===========================================
//去除右边的空格
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.Rtrim = function() { return this.replace(/(\s*$)/g, ""); }
/*
===========================================
//去除前后空格
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.Trim = function() { return this.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g, ""); }
/*
===========================================
//得到左边的字符串
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.Left = function(len) { if(isNaN(len)||len==null) { len = this.length; } else { if(parseInt(len)<0||parseInt(len)>this.length) { len = this.length; } } return this.substr(0,len); }
/*
===========================================
//得到右边的字符串
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.Right = function(len) { if(isNaN(len)||len==null) { len = this.length; } else { if(parseInt(len)<0||parseInt(len)>this.length) { len = this.length; } } return this.substring(this.length-len,this.length); }
/*
===========================================
//得到中间的字符串,注意从0开始
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.Mid = function(start,len) { return this.substr(start,len); }
/*
===========================================
//在字符串里查找另一字符串:位置从0开始
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.InStr = function(str) { if(str==null) { str = ""; } return this.indexOf(str); }
/*
===========================================
//在字符串里反向查找另一字符串:位置0开始
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.InStrRev = function(str) { if(str==null) { str = ""; } return this.lastIndexOf(str); }
/*
===========================================
//计算字符串打印长度
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.LengthW = function() { return this.replace(/[^\x00-\xff]/g,"**").length; }
/*
===========================================
//是否是正确的IP地址
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isIP = function() { var reSpaceCheck = /^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)$/; if (reSpaceCheck.test(this)) { this.match(reSpaceCheck); if (RegExp.$1 <= 255 && RegExp.$1 >= 0 && RegExp.$2 <= 255 && RegExp.$2 >= 0 && RegExp.$3 <= 255 && RegExp.$3 >= 0 && RegExp.$4 <= 255 && RegExp.$4 >= 0) { return true; } else { return false; } } else { return false; } }
/*
===========================================
//是否是正确的长日期
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isLongDate = function() { var r = this.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g, "").match(/^(\d{1,4})(-|\/)(\d{1,2})\2(\d{1,2}) (\d{1,2}):(\d{1,2}):(\d{1,2})$/); if(r==null) { return false; } var d = new Date(r[1], r[3]-1,r[4],r[5],r[6],r[7]); return (d.getFullYear()==r[1]&&(d.getMonth()+1)==r[3]&&d.getDate()==r[4]&&d.getHours()==r[5]&&d.getMinutes()==r[6]&&d.getSeconds()==r[7]); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是正确的短日期
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isShortDate = function() { var r = this.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g, "").match(/^(\d{1,4})(-|\/)(\d{1,2})\2(\d{1,2})$/); if(r==null) { return false; } var d = new Date(r[1], r[3]-1, r[4]); return (d.getFullYear()==r[1]&&(d.getMonth()+1)==r[3]&&d.getDate()==r[4]); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是正确的日期
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isDate = function() { return this.isLongDate()||this.isShortDate(); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是手机
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isMobile = function() { return /^0{0,1}13[0-9]{9}$/.test(this); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是邮件
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isEmail = function() { return /^\w+((-\w+)|(\.\w+))*\@[A-Za-z0-9]+((\.|-)[A-Za-z0-9]+)*\.[A-Za-z0-9]+$/.test(this); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是邮编(中国)
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isZipCode = function() { return /^[\\d]{6}$/.test(this); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是有汉字
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.existChinese = function() { //[\u4E00-\u9FA5]為漢字﹐[\uFE30-\uFFA0]為全角符號 return /^[\x00-\xff]*$/.test(this); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是合法的文件名/目录名
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isFileName = function() { return !/[\\\/\*\?\|:"<>]/g.test(this); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是有效链接
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isUrl = function() { return /^http[s]?:\/\/([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+([\w-./?%&=]*)?$/i.test(this); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是有效的身份证(中国)
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isIDCard = function() { var iSum=0; var info=""; var sId = this; var aCity={11:"北京",12:"天津",13:"河北",14:"山西",15:"内蒙古",21:"辽宁",22:"吉林",23:"黑龙 江",31:"上海",32:"江苏",33:"浙江",34:"安徽",35:"福建",36:"江西",37:"山东",41:"河南",42:"湖 北",43:"湖南",44:"广东",45:"广西",46:"海南",50:"重庆",51:"四川",52:"贵州",53:"云南",54:"西藏",61:"陕西",62:"甘肃",63:"青海",64:"宁夏",65:"新疆",71:"台湾",81:"香港",82:"澳门",91:"国外"}; if(!/^\d{17}(\d|x)$/i.test(sId)) { return false; } sId=sId.replace(/x$/i,"a"); //非法地区 if(aCity[parseInt(sId.substr(0,2))]==null) { return false; } var sBirthday=sId.substr(6,4)+"-"+Number(sId.substr(10,2))+"-"+Number(sId.substr(12,2)); var d=new Date(sBirthday.replace(/-/g,"/")) //非法生日 if(sBirthday!=(d.getFullYear()+"-"+ (d.getMonth()+1) + "-" + d.getDate())) { return false; } for(var i = 17;i>=0;i--) { iSum += (Math.pow(2,i) % 11) * parseInt(sId.charAt(17 - i),11); } if(iSum%11!=1) { return false; } return true; }
/*
===========================================
//是否是有效的电话号码(中国)
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isPhoneCall = function() { return /(^[0-9]{3,4}\-[0-9]{3,8}$)|(^[0-9]{3,8}$)|(^\([0-9]{3,4}\)[0-9]{3,8}$)|(^0{0,1}13[0-9]{9}$)/.test(this); }
/*
===========================================
//是否是数字
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.isNumeric = function(flag) { //验证是否是数字 if(isNaN(this)) { return false; } switch(flag) { case null: //数字 case "": return true; case "+": //正数 return /(^\+?|^\d?)\d*\.?\d+$/.test(this); case "-": //负数 return /^-\d*\.?\d+$/.test(this); case "i": //整数 return /(^-?|^\+?|\d)\d+$/.test(this); case "+i": //正整数 return /(^\d+$)|(^\+?\d+$)/.test(this); case "-i": //负整数 return /^[-]\d+$/.test(this); case "f": //浮点数 return /(^-?|^\+?|^\d?)\d*\.\d+$/.test(this); case "+f": //正浮点数 return /(^\+?|^\d?)\d*\.\d+$/.test(this); case "-f": //负浮点数 return /^[-]\d*\.\d$/.test(this); default: //缺省 return true; } }
/*
===========================================
//是否是颜色(#FFFFFF形式)
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.IsColor = function() { var temp = this; if (temp=="") return true; if (temp.length!=7) return false; return (temp.search(/\#[a-fA-F0-9]{6}/) != -1); }
/*
===========================================
//转换成全角
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.toCase = function() { var tmp = ""; for(var i=0;i<this.length;i++) { if(this.charCodeAt(i)>0&&this.charCodeAt(i)<255) { tmp += String.fromCharCode(this.charCodeAt(i)+65248); } else { tmp += String.fromCharCode(this.charCodeAt(i)); } } return tmp }
/*
===========================================
//对字符串进行Html编码
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.toHtmlEncode = function() { var str = this; str=str.replace(/&/g,"&"); str=str.replace(/</g,"<"); str=str.replace(/>/g,">"); str=str.replace(/\'/g,"'"); str=str.replace(/\"/g,"""); str=str.replace(/\n/g,"<br>"); str=str.replace(/\ /g," "); str=str.replace(/\t/g," "); return str; }
/*
===========================================
//转换成日期
===========================================
*/
String.prototype.toDate = function() { try { return new Date(this.replace(/-/g, "\/")); } catch(e) { return null; } }

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