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Analyze the usage of cookies in Django
- 巴扎黑Original
- 2017-08-18 11:07:271419browse
Cookie is a record left by the browser on the client. This record can be kept in memory or on the hard disk. In Django, reading and setting cookies is very simple. Next, I will share with you the use of cookies in Django through this article. Friends who are interested should take a look.
Cookie is a record left by the browser on the client. This record can be kept in memory or on the hard disk. . Because HTTP requests are stateless, the server or client can maintain state in the session by reading cookie records. For example, a common application scenario is the login status. In Django, reading and setting cookies is very simple. The format of the cookie itself is similar to a dictionary, so it can be obtained through the key or get of the request; then its setting is set through the set_cookie of the response object; if you want to cancel the cookie, just set the expiration time to the current time.
Get Cookie:
request.COOKIES['key']
request.get_signed_cookie(key, default=RAISE_ERROR, salt='', max_age=None)
参数：
default: 默认值
salt: 加密盐
max_age: 后台控制过期时间Set Cookie:
rep = HttpResponse(...) 或 rep ＝ render(request, ...)
rep.set_cookie(key,value,...)
rep.set_signed_cookie(key,value,salt='加密盐',...)
参数：
key, 键
value='', 值
max_age=None, 超时时间
expires=None, 超时时间(IE requires expires, so set it if hasn't been already.)
path='/', Cookie生效的路径，/ 表示根路径，特殊的：跟路径的cookie可以被任何url的页面访问
domain=None, Cookie生效的域名
secure=False, https传输
httponly=False 只能http协议传输，无法被JavaScript获取（不是绝对，底层抓包可以获取到也可以被覆盖）Example 1 Set up a login login interface, a jump interface after successful index login. If you are not logged in, it will automatically jump to the login interface
views.py
def index(reqeust):
# 获取当前已经登录的用户
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
if not v:
return redirect('/login/')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})Note that there are two methods for cookie timeout, one is to directly specify max_age (timeout after N seconds), the other is to specify expires followed by a specific time object
httponly can JavaScript is prohibited from obtaining this value, but it is actually of no use. Chrome or packet capture can easily obtain all cookies
index.html
##
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎登录：{{ current_user }}</h1>
</body>
</html> login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login/" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名" />
<input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>Example 2:In real life, the function of this verification cookie is usually written as a decorator, so that it is directly above other functions Just call itChange Example 1
def auth(func):
def inner(reqeust,*args,**kwargs):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
if not v:
return redirect('/login/')
return func(reqeust, *args,**kwargs)
return inner
@auth
def index(reqeust):
# 获取当前已经登录的用户
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})Example 3: We know that we can use fbv or cbv to route functions. Example 2 uses the fbv method, which can also be implemented using cbv. In cbv, if you only plan to decorate one method, then just add @method_decorator directly in front of the method; if you plan to decorate all methods in this class, Then decorate the top of the entire classviews.py
@method_decorator(auth,name='dispatch')
class Order(views.View):
# @method_decorator(auth)
# def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return super(Order,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
# @method_decorator(auth)
def get(self,reqeust):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
def post(self,reqeust):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
urls.py
url(r'^order/', views.Order.as_view()),Example 4 We can also set cookies through JavaScript or JQuery, such as in the front Based on the paging code, we add a function to customize the number of rows displayed. user_list.html Here is a JQuery plug-in, which makes it easier to read and set cookies; moreover, we also limit the scope of cookie use, not the default all scopes, but only limited to /user_list In the path
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<style>
.go{
width:20px;
border: solid 1px;
color: #66512c;
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px;
}
.pagination .page{
border: solid 1px;
color: #66512c;
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px;
background-color: papayawhip;
margin: 5px;
}
.pagination .page.active{
background-color: brown;
color: white;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% for item in li %}
{% include 'li.html' %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>
<select id="ps" onchange="changePageSize(this)">
<option value="10">10</option>
<option value="30">30</option>
<option value="50">50</option>
<option value="100">100</option>
</select>
</p>
<p class="pagination">
{{ page_str }}
</p>
<script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
<script src="/static/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
var v = $.cookie('per_page_count', {'path': "/user_list/`"});
console.log(v)
$('#ps').val(v);
});
function changePageSize(ths){
var v = $(ths).val();
console.log(v);
$.cookie('per_page_count',v, {'path': "/user_list/"});
location.reload();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>views.py gets the number of rows per page from the front end and passes it to our paging class during instantiation
def user_list(request):
current_page = request.GET.get('p', 1)
current_page = int(current_page)
val = request.COOKIES.get('per_page_count',10)
val = int(val)
page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page,len(LIST),val)
data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/")
return render(request, 'user_list.html', {'li': data,'page_str': page_str})The above is the detailed content of Analyze the usage of cookies in Django. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!