ASP.NET Tutorial--Basic explanation of SignalR in MVC

This article mainly introduces the simple application of SignalR in ASP.NET MVC in detail, which has certain reference value. Interested friends can refer to it

1. Introduction

ASP.NET SignalR is a library for ASP.NET developers that simplifies the process of adding real-time web functionality to applications. A real-time web feature is a feature where server code can push content to a connected client as soon as it becomes available, rather than having the server wait for the client to request new data. ——Baidu Encyclopedia

First of all, ASP.NET SignalR is a class library under ASP.NET that can achieve real-time communication in ASP.NET Web projects. Allow the client (Web page) and server to notify each other of messages and call methods.

SignalR automatically handles connection management, allowing the server to broadcast messages to all connected clients at the same time, such as a chat room. It is also possible to send messages to specific clients. The connection between client and server is persistent, unlike traditional HTTP connections, which are re-established for each communication.

SignalR supports "server push" functionality, where server code can call client code in the browser using remote procedure calls (RPC), rather than the request-response model common on the web today.

In short, SignalR is an html websocket framework running on the .NET platform. Its main purpose is to enable the server to actively push (Push) messages to the client page

　Note:WebSocket requires the server to use Windows Server 2012 or Windows 8 and .NET Framework 4.5. If these requirements are not met, SignalR will try to use other transports to connect

2. Installation

Open the management NuGet package, search for SignalR, and install the following packages

After the installation is completed, there will be some more references in the program

#3. Write code

Because we are using SignalR2, we need to create a new Startup.cs class, configure the hub, and write it as follows

using Microsoft.Owin;
using Owin;
[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(SignalRStartup.Startup))]
namespace SignalRStartup
{
  public class Startup
  {
    public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
    {
      // 配置集线器 
      app.MapSignalR();
    }
  }
}

Then write the server-side hub class

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
namespace signalR
{
  public class ServerHub : Hub
  {
    public void SendMsg(string message)
    {
      //调用所有客户端的sendMessage方法(sendMessage有2个参数) 
      Clients.All.sendMessage(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), message);
    }
  }
}

Create HomoController and its Action function Index

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace signalR.Controllers
{
  public class HomeController : Controller
  {
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
      return View();
    }
  }
}

Index front section code

@{ 
  ViewBag.title = "SignaIR聊天窗口"; 
} 
<p class="container"> 
  <input type="text" id="message" /> 
  <input type="button" id="sendmessage" value="biubiu" /> 
  <ul id="messageBox"></ul> 
</p> 
@section scripts 
{ 
  <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.signalR-2.2.2.min.js"></script> 
  <script src="~/signalr/hubs"></script> 
  <script> 
    $(function () { 
      //引用自动生成的集线器代理 
      var chat = $.connection.serverHub; 
      //定义服务器调用的客户端sendMessage来显示新消息 
      chat.client.sendMessage = function (name, message) 
      { 
        //向页面添加消息 
        $("#messageBox").append(&#39;<li><strong style="color:green">&#39;+name+&#39;</strong>:&#39;+message+&#39;</li>&#39;); 
      } 
      //设置焦点到输入框 
      $(&#39;#message&#39;).focus(); 
      //开始连接服务器 
      $.connection.hub.start().done(function () { 
        $(&#39;#sendmessage&#39;).click(function () { 
          //调用服务器端集线器的Send方法 
          chat.server.sendMsg($(&#39;#message&#39;).val()); 
          //清空输入框信息并获取焦点 
          $("#message").val(&#39;&#39;).focus(); 
        }) 
      }) 
    }); 
  </script> 
}

Run the effect, send a message in any window, and all other clients can receive the message.

When running the program, the Web page establishes a connection with the SignalR service. The specific code to establish the connection is: $.connection.hub.start(). The function of this code is to establish a connection with the SignalR service. The following done function indicates that a click event is registered for the button after the connection is successfully established; you can also use the hub object chat.connextion.start()

Remember this Sentence?

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The results seen by F12

Clients.All.sendMessage in the demo above calls the sendMessage function of all clients and is a group message.

The following is a demo of a client group

Server code

##

 public void AddToRoom(string groupName, string userName)
    {
      //将连接添加到指定的组（Groups为HubBase中的接口属性）
      Groups.Add(Context.ConnectionId, groupName);
      //根据组名称获取对应客户端的组,调用该组的addUserIn方法
      Clients.Group(groupName, new string[0]).addUserIn(groupName, userName);
    }
    public void Send(string groupName, string detail, string userName)
    {
      //Clients.All.addSomeMessage(detail);//群发给所有
      //调用客户端某一个组的addSomeMessage
      Clients.Group(groupName, new string[0]).addSomeMessage(groupName, detail, userName);
    }

Client code

 chat.client.addSomeMessage = function(groupId, detail, userName) {
        console.info("广播消息：" + detail);
        $("#contentMsg").append("<li>" + userName + ": " + detail + "</li>");
      };

     chat.client.addUserIn = function(groupId, userName) {
        $("#contentMsg").append("<li>" + userName + "进入"+groupId+"号聊天室！</li>");
      };
      $.connection.hub.logging = true; //启动signalr状态功能
      $.connection.hub.start().done(function() {
        //加入聊天室 
        $("#joinRoom").click(function() {
          var groupId = $("#groupId").val();
          var userName = $("#userName").val();
          chat.server.addToRoom(groupId, userName);
        });
        //发送消息
        $("#send").click(function() {
          var detail = $("#message").val();
          var groupId = $("#groupId").val();
          var userName = $("#userName").val();
          chat.server.send(groupId, detail, userName);
        });
      });

Operation effect

##As can be seen from the above two pictures, the customer The terminal implements grouping

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