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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP随机数生成代码与使用实例分析_php技巧

我们还可以使用随机数设计任何我们想象的程序结构。

首先来认识一下PHP提供的随机数函数rand()。PHP的rand()函数将返回随机整数,具体使用方法如下

rand(min,max)

可选参数min和max可以使rand() 返回0到RAND_MAX之间的伪随机整数。例如,想要5到15(包括 5 和 15)之间的随机数,用 rand(5, 15)。

下面我来看一个具体的示例,我们做一个基本的函数调用,不设置具体的参数,我们得到的随机数将不受min和max两个参数的限制。

复制代码 代码如下:

echo(rand());?>

得到的结果:652696728 (随机结果)1、使用PHP生成指定区间内的随机数如果我们要生成两个数字之间的随机数,我们需要为rand设定两个参数:这样,我们得到的结果就在我们的控制之中,他应该是MinNum
复制代码 代码如下:

echo(rand(1000,2000));?>

够简单吧,下面来点稍微有些难度的。在本文的开始我们说过,随机数的作用很大,我们可以用PHP随机数解决一些复杂的问题。2、使用PHP获得一个集合中的随机元素将设我们需要从一个数组中获得一个随机元素
复制代码 代码如下:

$my_array=array('ASP','PHP','JAVASCRIPT','AJAX','CSS','JQUERY','HTML');
echo($my_array[rand(0,6)]);
?>

可以想象,我们得到的结果可能是ASP、PHP或JavaScript等任何一个包含在数组中的元素。注意,我们的my_array数组包含七个元素,我们将rand()的参数设置为0到6之间。下面我们使用两组随机数对上面的示例做功能增强,我们需要一个随机数进行条件判断,另一个随机数做元素的输出。
复制代码 代码如下:

$my_array=array('ASP','PHP','JAVASCRIPT','AJAX','CSS','JQUERY','HTML');
$repetition=rand(0,6);
for($i=0;$iecho('I am learning ' . $my_array[rand(0,6)]);
echo(' on 51CTO.com');
}
?>

我们得到的结果可能像下面这样:

PHP随机数结果示例
第一次运行我们得到三条结果

由于我们使用一个随机数限定显示的条数,所以得到的结果除了文章随机,显示的条数也是随机的,如下图:

PHP随机数
第二次运行得到七条结果

也许你会问,PHP随机数只能做这些无聊的事儿吗?rand( )看来并不是那么重要;你错了,想想随处可见的验证码、一些CMS系统的随机文章提取、下载地址分配等,随机数在这些应用中发挥着重要作用;另外,在安全和算法领域,随机数的很多应用也值得我们去深入研究,比如加密和同余法结构等。

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