search
HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialArray array and using foreach loop array graphic example detailed explanation

1. 了解数组

        PHP 中的数组实际上是一个有序映射。映射是一种把 values 关联到 keys 的类型。

2.例子:一般的数组

       这里,我通过一个简单的例子,并使用图形方式来了解数组。

//1.-----------------------------------
$a = array(3 => 'a', 1 => 'b', 2 => 'c');
echo var_dump($a);

              

 [注]:使用箭头描述数组$a各个单元对应某一内存地址的数据值(实际上,它内部结构采用HashTable结构)。 

3.例子:在数组定义中,添加引用。

//2.-----------------------------------

$x = 'x';
$a = array(3 => 'a', 1 => &$x, 2 => 'c');

echo "<hr>";
echo var_dump($a);

$x = &#39;y&#39;;
echo var_dump($a);

 

数组$a中的第2个单元$a[1]与$x对应的是同一个数据,使用var_dump($a)的时候,会看到数组的第2个单元多个&符号,即&string(1) "x",表示引用。

当 修改$x的值='y',也等同于修改$a[1]的值='y'。

下图可以清楚的描述这一变化:

              

 4.例子:使用foreach遍历数组

//3.-----------------------------------

$a = array(3 => &#39;a&#39;, 1 => &#39;b&#39;, 2 => &#39;c&#39;);

echo "<hr>";
foreach ($a as $key => $value) {
    echo "$key => $value <br>";

}

每次循环中,当前数组中单元的值被赋给 $value ,单元的key被赋给$key。如下图描述:

【注:】灰色虚箭头表示赋予某一值。 

 5.例子:在foreach遍历数组中,使用引用赋值。

//4.-----------------------------------

$a = array(3 => 'a', 1 => 'b', 2 => 'c');

echo "<hr>";
foreach ($a as $key => &$value) {
    $value.='n';
    echo "$key => $value <br>";

}

每次循环中, $value 都指向当前数组中单元的值,再执行“ $value.='n'; ”代码 ,如下图描述:

 

6.例子:对例子5的进一步分析。

    在例子5,foreach遍历数组完成后,不会自动销毁$value变量,与数组$a最后一个单元$a[2]指向同一个数据。

这时候改变$value的值,也就是改变了$a[2]的值。

//5.-----------------------------------

$value='m';

echo "<hr>";
echo "\$value=$value <br>";
echo var_dump($a);

实例验证, 数组最后一个元素的 $value 引用在 foreach 循环之后仍会保留。建议使用 unset() 来将其销毁。 

 7.小结

以上例子,只是描述php中的array数组和foreach的一些特性。学习最后,感觉php中的array数组和foreach不同于别的编程语言,不能使用类似C语言的结构分析PHP。

 

The above is the detailed content of Array array and using foreach loop array graphic example detailed explanation. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
The Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceThe Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceApr 19, 2025 am 12:23 AM

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesPHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesApr 19, 2025 am 12:21 AM

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages ​​that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedPHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedApr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryPHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryApr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideChoosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideApr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguagePHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguageApr 18, 2025 am 12:14 AM

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondPHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondApr 18, 2025 am 12:10 AM

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?Apr 17, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values ​​and handle functions that may return null values.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool