Python Excel operation

Excel operations in Python require additional downloading and installation of the xlrd and xlwt packages corresponding to the Python version, which are used to read and write Excel.

Installation method: After directly decompressing, cd to the directory of setup.py in the character command interface, and execute the command "Python setup.py install".

xlrd (some of the following are methods, some are attributes, no brackets are added after the attributes)

1. excel = xlrd.open_workbook(excel_path): Open the specified path Excel file, get the Excel object corresponding to Excel (the object of the entire Excel file).

2. excel_lst = excel.sheets: Returns the sheets in the Excel object in the form of a list (a single sheet object in Excel).

3. excel_sheet = excel.sheet_by_name(sheet_name): Get the sheet object based on the name of the sheet.

4. excel_sheet = excel.sheet_by_index(sheet_index): Get the sheet object according to the index of the sheet (starting with 0 according to the sheet order in Excel).

5. excel_sheet.nrows: The number of valid rows in the sheet.

6. excel_sheet.ncols: The number of valid columns in the sheet.

7. excel_sheet.name: The name of the sheet.

8. excel_sheet.cell(row, col).value: Get the value of the specified cell.

9. excel_sheet.row_values(row): Returns the data of the specified row in the form of a list.

10. excel_sheet.col_values(col): Returns the data of the specified column in the form of a list.

11. excel_sheet.put_cell(row, col, type, value, xf): Simple writing to the cell (type is number: 0 empty, 1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean , 5 error; xf=0: extended formatting) (This method has not been tested, readers can test it by themselves when available).

xlwt

1. excel = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='ascii'): Create a new Excel object.

2. sheet = excel.add_sheet(sheet_name): Create a new sheet page.

3. sheet.write(row, col, value, format): Write data in the cell.

4. sheet.write_merge(start_row, start_col, end_row, end_col, value, format): Merge cells and write data.

5. sheet.col(col).width: Set column width.

6. sheet.row(row).height: Set the row height.

7. excel.save('path/excel_name.xls'): Save excel (only in xls format).

8. xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("#%s!%s%s";"%s")' % (sheet_name, col, row, value)): Set hyperlinks in Excel .

　(This part as a whole is passed into writing methods such as write as value. The first double quotation mark is the formula in Excel. Single quotation marks or triple quotation marks cannot be used; value is the value written into the cell. value, sheet_name is the destination address of the link, col (1,2,3...) and row (A,B,C...) represent the cell location connected to sheet_name)

9. xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("https://www.baidu.com";"Baidu")'): Set a link outside Excel.

10. Use Excel formula as the value of the cell (the same as the setting of the hyperlink, using Excel's own formula):

　sheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula ('A1*B1'))

　sheet.write(2, 0, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1, B1)'))

11. Set cell font:

1 cell_font = xlwt.Font() # 字体对象2 cell_font.name = 'Times New Roman' # 设置字体3 cell_font.bold = True # 粗体4 cell_font.underline = True # 下划线5 cell_font.italic = True # 斜体6 cell_style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 格式对象7 cell_style.font = cell_font # 将字体样式赋给格式对象中的字体8 sheet.write(1, 0, value, cell_style) # 在单元格写入等方法中将格式参数传进去

12. Set cell border:

1 cell_borders = xlwt.Borders() # 边框对象2 cell_borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED # 设置左边框（常用值：NO_LINE（无边框）, THIN（薄）, MEDIUM（中）, THICK（厚）,DASHED（虚线）, DOTTED（点虚线））3 cell_borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED4 cell_borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED5 cell_borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED6 cell_style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 格式对象7 cell_style.borders = cell_borders # 将边框样式赋给格式对象8 sheet.write(0, 0, value, cell_style)

13. Set cell background color:

1 cell_pattern = xlwt.Pattern() 
2 cell_pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x123 cell_pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # 颜色（不止这些）：0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray4 cell_style = xlwt.XFStyle() 
5 cell_style.pattern = cell_pattern 
6 sheet.write(0, 0, value, cell_style)

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