Detailed explanation of Java basic access permission examples

1. Review of access modifiers

==public: The classes, properties, and methods modified by it can not only be accessed across classes, but also across packages

==private: Can modify data members, constructors, methods, but cannot modify classes. The members modified by it can only be accessed by the class itself and cannot be accessed by subclasses

==protected: Can modify data members, constructors, and methods, but cannot modify classes. It can be accessed by members of this class, the same package, or its subclasses (if it is a subclass, it can cross packages)

==Default: No Add any modifier to only allow access in the same package

2. Code example

##

package dog;
public class Dog {
    // 公共的
    public void publicMethod() {
        System.out.println("publicMethod");
    }
    // 保护的
     protected void protectedMethod() { // 被声明为protected的方法,可以被子类继承
         System.out.println("protectedMethod");
     }

     // 默认的
     void defaultMethod() {
         System.out.println("defaultMethod");
     }

     // 私有的
     private void privateMethod() { // 这个方法只可以在类内部被调用
         System.out.println("privateMethod");
     }
 }

class T {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         Dog d = new Dog(); // 可以访问
         d.publicMethod(); // 可以访问
         d.protectedMethod(); // 可以访问
         d.defaultMethod(); // 可以访问
         // d.privateMethod(); //私有的方法,不能被在类外访问
     }
 }

//在上例的基础上,演示跨包的情况
package cat; //和dog 包不在一起

import dog.Dog;

public class Cat {
    void test() {
        Dog dog = new Dog();

        dog.publicMethod(); // 可以
        // dog.protectedMethod(); 不可以
        // dog.privateMethod(); 不可以
        // dog.defaultMethod(); 不可以
    }
}

##

//在前例的基础上,演示子类中的访问情况
class NiceDog extends Dog {
    void test() {
        Dog dog = new Dog();
        dog.publicMethod(); // 可以
        protectedMethod(); // 被protected修饰的成员,可以被继承过来,并这样调用
        // dog.protectedMethod(); 不可以
        // dog.privateMethod(); 不可以
        // dog.defaultMethod(); 不可以

    }
}

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