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C# regular expression matching and replacing string function example

黄舟
黄舟Original
2017-06-04 09:37:513645browse

这篇文章主要介绍了C#正则表达式匹配与替换字符串功能,结合具体实例形式分析了C#字符串正则替换相关类、方法的使用技巧与相关注意事项,需要的朋友可以参考下

本文实例讲述了C#正则表达式匹配与替换字符串功能。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

事例一:\w+=>[A-Za-z1-9_],\s+=>任何空白字符,()=>捕获      

string text = @"public string testMatchObj string s string match ";
string pat = @"(\w+)\s+(string)";
// Compile the regular expression.
Regex r = new Regex(pat, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
// Match the regular expression pattern against a text string.
Match m = r.Match(text);
int matchCount = 0;
while (m.Success) 
{
 Response.Write("Match"+ (++matchCount) + "<br>");
 for (int i = 1; i <= 2; i++) 
 {
 Group g = m.Groups[i];
 Response.Write("Group"+i+"=&#39;" + g + "&#39;" + "<br>");
 CaptureCollection cc = g.Captures;
 for (int j = 0; j < cc.Count; j++) 
 {
  Capture c = cc[j];
  Response.Write("Capture"+j+"=&#39;" + c + "&#39;, Position="+c.Index + "<br>");
 }
 }
 m = m.NextMatch();
}

该事例运行结果是:

Match1
Group1=&#39;public&#39;
Capture0=&#39;public&#39;, Position=0
Group2=&#39;string&#39;
Capture0=&#39;string&#39;, Position=7
Match2
Group1=&#39;testMatchObj&#39;
Capture0=&#39;testMatchObj&#39;, Position=14
Group2=&#39;string&#39;
Capture0=&#39;string&#39;, Position=27
Match3
Group1=&#39;s&#39;
Capture0=&#39;s&#39;, Position=34
Group2=&#39;string&#39;

Capture0='string', Position=36

事例二:

string x = this.txt.Text;
RegexOptions ops = RegexOptions.Multiline;
Regex r = new Regex(@"\[(.+?)\]", ops); //\[(.+?)\/\]  @"\[(.+)\](.*?)\[\/\1\]"
//Response.Write(r.IsMatch(x).ToString()+DateTime.Now.ToString());
if (r.IsMatch(x))
{
    x = r.Replace(x, "<$1>");
    Response.Write(x.ToString() + DateTime.Now.ToString());
    //Console.WriteLine("var x:" + x);//输出:Live for nothing
}
else
{
    Response.Write("false" + DateTime.Now.ToString());
}

这个是为了替换"[]"对,把它们换成"a8093152e673feb7aba1828c43532094"

C#中的正则表达式包含在.NET基础类库的一个名称空间下,这个名称空间就是System.Text.RegularExpressions。该名称空间包括8个类,1个枚举,1个委托。他们分别是:

Capture: 包含一次匹配的结果;
CaptureCollection: Capture的序列;
Group: 一次组记录的结果,由Capture继承而来;
GroupCollection:表示捕获组的集合
Match: 一次表达式的匹配结果,由Group继承而来;
MatchCollection: Match的一个序列;
MatchEvaluator: 执行替换操作时使用的委托;
Regex:编译后的表达式的实例。
RegexCompilationInfo:提供编译器用于将正则表达式编译为独立程序集的信息
RegexOptions 提供用于设置正则表达式的枚举值

Regex类中还包含一些静态的方法:

Escape: 对字符串中的regex中的转义符进行转义;
IsMatch: 如果表达式在字符串中匹配,该方法返回一个布尔值;
Match: 返回Match的实例;
Matches: 返回一系列的Match的方法;
Replace: 用替换字符串替换匹配的表达式;
Split: 返回一系列由表达式决定的字符串;
Unescape:不对字符串中的转义字符转义。

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