How to format the output string in Python using the format() function

Python uses format()function to format the output string in Python
. The string is a class and you can use the method;

Python is completelyObject-oriented
language, everything is an object;

String parameters are represented by {NUM}, 0, represents the first parameter, 1, represents the second Parameters will be added sequentially;

Use ":" to specify the operations required to represent the element, such as ":.3" with three decimal places, ":8" occupying 8 character space, etc.;

You can also add specific letters, such as:

'b' - binary. Output the number in base 2.

'c ' - Character. Convert the integer

to the corresponding Unicode string before printing.

'd' - Decimal integer. Output the number in base 10.

'o' - Octal. Output the number in base 8.

'x' - Hexadecimal. Output the number in base 16. Use lowercase letters for digits above 9.

'e' - Power symbol. Use scientific notation to print numbers, use 'e' to represent power.

'g' - General format. Output the value in fixed-point format. When the value When it is particularly large, it is printed in power form.

'n' - number. When the value is an integer, it is the same as 'd'. When the value is a floating point number, it is the same as 'g'. The difference is that it will be based on The locale inserts a number separator.

'%' - Percent. Multiply the value by 100 and print it in fixed-point ('f') format, with a percent sign after the value.

Numbers (0, 1, ...) represent the elements in format(), so you can use "." to call the element method;

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
  
#====================
#File: abop.py
#Author: Wendy
#Date: 
#====================
  
#eclipse pydev, python3.3
  
age = 25
name = 'Caroline'
  
print('{0} is {1} years old. '.format(name, age)) #输出参数
print('{0} is a girl. '.format(name))
print('{0:.3} is a decimal. '.format(1/3)) #小数点后三位
print('{0:_^11} is a 11 length. '.format(name)) #使用_补齐空位
print('{first} is as {second}. '.format(first=name, second='Wendy')) #别名替换
print('My name is {0.name}'.format(open('out.txt', 'w'))) #调用方法
print('My name is {0:8}.'.format('Fred')) #指定宽度

Output: ###

Caroline is 25 years old. 
Caroline is a girl. 
0.333 is a decimal. 
_Caroline is a 11 length. 
Caroline is as Wendy. 
My name is out.txt
My name is Fred.

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