Summary of experience in developing custom menus for WeChat public accounts

This article shares the experience summary of developing custom menus for WeChat public accounts

    开发公司的微信公众账号，在没人指导没有人商量的情况下没少查资料、逛论坛。其中有多少酸甜苦辣，相信能进来看见我的帖子的能体会的到。一年多来为了应付公司的各种需求没时间整理，今天我就把详细的流程写下来供同样遇到问题的参考。微信公众账号几种分类相信大家都有了解。 订阅号我表示无能为力。除非你能认证通过。废话少说开撸。
     
    自定义菜单操作流程其实很简单 ，就是执行一段Java程序 将你公众账号的appid和封装的菜单发送到腾讯服务器，腾讯服务器会根据你请求参数appid和封装的菜单添加到对应的公众账号，一定要罗嗦一句， 在Java 程序中执行一次 main 方法就可以，下次修改重新执行，不过会有缓存，取消重新关注就可以了。
    1 新建按钮基类   
        public class Button {
            //按钮名称
            private String name;
         
            public String getName() {
                return name;
            }
         
            public void setName(String name) {
                this.name = name;
            }
        }
    2,根据业务需求新建不同的按钮类 
         
    /**
     * view类型的按钮  点击跳转链接
     * 
     */
    public class ViewButton extends Button {
        private String type;
        private String url;
     
        public String getType() {
            return type;
        }
     
        public void setType(String type) {
            this.type = type;
        }
     
        public String getUrl() {
            return url;
        }
     
        public void setUrl(String url) {
            this.url = url;
        }
    }

/**

* Click type button is similar to input type = 'button'. Specify the key to process the corresponding business based on the captured key.

*

*/

public class ClickButton extends Button {

private String type;

private String key;

public String getType() {

return type;

}

public void setType(String type) {

this.type = type;

}

public String getKey() {

return key;

}

  public void setKey(String key) {

  this.key = key;

      }

    }

  3 Create a button that matches the type. To put it bluntly, it means creating a main menu container

/**

* Compound type button

*

*/

public class ComplexButton extends Button {

private Button[] sub_button ;

public Button[] getSub_button() {

return sub_button;

}

public void setSub_button(Button[] sub_button) {

this.sub_button = sub_button;

}

}

4 Create a menu class to hold three main menus

/* *

* menu

*/

public class Menu {

private Button[] button;

public Button[] getButton() {

return button ;

}

public void setButton(Button[] button) {

this.button = button;

}

}

5 Create the calling credential class Token to prepare for executing the main method to call the Tencent interface

/**

* Voucher

*

*/

public class Token {

// Interface access credentials

private String accessToken;

// Credential validity period, unit: seconds

private int expiresIn;

public String getAccessToken( ) {

return accessToken;

}

public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {

this.accessToken = accessToken;

}

public int getExpiresIn() {

return expiresIn;

}

public void setExpiresIn(int expiresIn) {

this .expiresIn = expiresIn;

}

}

In the following code, I only describe the class. See comments for specific code functions.

6 Prepare for calling Tencent interface

(1) Create a common tool class

/**

* General tool class

*

*/

public class CommonUtil {

private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CommonUtil.class);

/**

* Obtain interface access credentials

*

* @param appid credentials

* @param appsecret key

* @return

*/

public static Token getToken(String appid, String appsecret ) {

// Credential acquisition (GET)

String token_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET ";

Token token = null;

String requestUrl = token_url.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);

// Initiate a GET request to obtain credentials

JSONObject jsonObject = httpsRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);

if (null != jsonObject) {

try {

token = new Token();

token.setAccessToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token"));

token.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInt("expires_in"));

} catch (JSONException e) {

// Failed to obtain token

token = null;

}

}

return token;

}

/**

* Send https request

*

* @param requestUrl request address

* @param requestMethod request method (GET, POST)

* @param outputStr submitted data

* @return JSONObject (obtain the attribute value of the json object through JSONObject.get(key))

*/

public static JSONObject httpsRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) {

JSONObject jsonObject = null;

try {

// Create an SSLContext object and initialize it with the trust manager we specified

TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() };

SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");

sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom( ));

// Get the SSLSocketFactory object from the above SSLContext object

SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();

URL url = new URL(requestUrl);

HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();

conn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);

conn.setDoOutput(true);

conn.setDoInput (true);

conn.setUseCaches(false);

//Set the request method (GET/POST)

conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);

// Write data to the output stream when outputStr is not null

if (null != outputStr) {

OutputStream outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();

// Pay attention to the encoding format

outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));

outputStream.close();

}

// Read the returned content from the input stream

InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();

InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");

BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

String str = null;

StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();

while ((str = bufferedReader. readLine()) != null) {

buffer.append(str);

}

// Release resources

bufferedReader.close() ;

inputStreamReader.close();

inputStream.close();

inputStream = null;

conn.disconnect();

jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());

} catch (ConnectException ce) {

log.error("Connection timeout: {}", ce);

} catch (Exception e) {

log.error("https request exception: {}", e);

}

return jsonObject ;

}

}

(2) Create trust manager

package com.test.util;

import java. security.cert.CertificateException;

import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

/**

* Trust Manager

*

*/

public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

// Check client certificate

public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

}

// Check the server-side certificate

public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

}

// Returns an array of trusted X509 certificates

public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {

return null;

}

}

7 After completing the above work, you can create a custom menu. Create a custom menu management class. Assign appId and appSecret and run the main method, done.

package com.test.menu;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf. json.JSONObject;

import com.test.bean.Button;

import com.test.bean.ComplexButton;

import com.test.bean.Menu;

import com.test.bean.Token;

import com.test.bean.ViewButton;

import com.test.util.CommonUtil;

/**

* Menu manager class

*

*/

public class MenuManager {

private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MenuManager.class);

/**

* Define menu structure

* @return

*/

private static Menu getMenu() {

//Define submenu

ViewButton btn1 = new ViewButton();

btn1.setName( "Submenu 1");

btn1.setType("view");

btn1.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");

ViewButton btn2 = new ViewButton();

btn2.setName("Submenu 2");

btn2.setType("view");

btn2.setUrl ("http://www.baidu.com");

ViewButton btn3 = new ViewButton();

btn3.setName("Submenu 3");

btn3.setType("view");

btn3.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");

ViewButton btn4 = new ViewButton();

btn4.setName("Submenu 4");

btn4.setType("view");

btn4.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com" );

ComplexButton mainBtn1 = new ComplexButton();

mainBtn1.setName("Main Menu 1");

mainBtn1.setSub_button(new Button[] { btn1, btn2});//WeChat stipulates a maximum of five submenus

ComplexButton mainBtn2 = new ComplexButton();

mainBtn2.setName("Main Menu 2");

mainBtn2 .setSub_button(new Button[] { btn3});

ComplexButton mainBtn3 = new ComplexButton();

mainBtn3.setName("Main Menu 3");

mainBtn3 .setSub_button(new Button[] {btn4});

Menu menu = new Menu();

menu.setButton(new Button[] { mainBtn1, mainBtn2, mainBtn3 });

return menu;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// The only credential for the public account

1

String appId = "";

//Public account unique credential key

String appSecret = "";

// Call the interface to obtain the credentials

Token token = CommonUtil.getToken(appId, appSecret);

if (null != token) {

// Create a menu

boolean result = createMenu(getMenu(), token.getAccessToken());

// Determine the menu creation result

if (result )

log.info("Menu creation successful!");

else

log.info("Menu creation failed!");

}

}

/**

* Create menu

*

* @param menu menu instance

* @param accessToken credential

* @return true success false failed

*/

public static boolean createMenu(Menu menu, String accessToken) {

boolean result = false ;

String menu_create_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";

String url = menu_create_url.replace(" ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken);

// Convert the menu object into a json string

String jsonMenu = JSONObject.fromObject(menu).toString();

// Initiate a POST request to create a menu

JSONObject jsonObject = CommonUtil.httpsRequest(url, "POST", jsonMenu);

if (null != jsonObject) {

int errorCode = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");

String errorMsg = jsonObject.getString("errmsg");

if (0 == errorCode) {

result = true ;

} else {

result = false;

log.error("Failed to create menu errcode:{} errmsg:{}", errorCode, errorMsg);

}

}

return result;

}

}

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