


Detailed graphic and text introduction to C# generic constraints
本文将详细介绍C# 泛型的约束:引用类型约束;值类型约束;构造函数类型约束;转换类型约束;组合约束的相关知识。具有很好的参考价值,下面跟着小编一起来看下吧
1.引用类型约束
struct RefSample
表示对于的约束必须为一个类(引用类型)不能是值类型(int,char,datatime,struct),可以是接口interface
区分,数组为引用类型,因为定义数组时需要new出一个对象。
虽然定义成 RefSample
2.值类型约束
class ValSample
为引用类型,因为int,char等类型都是struct
ValSample
3.构造函数类型约束
public T CreateInstance<T>() where T:new() { return new T(); }
指定的类型T必须有构造函数,CreateInstance
4.转换类型约束
一种约束允许你指定另一个类型,类型实参必须可以通过一致性、引用或装箱转换隐式地转换为该类型。你还可以规定一个类型实参必须可以转换为另一个类型实参——这称为类型参数约束。
理解的意思:可以互换,就是我们可以通过装箱或者强制类型转换成目标类型的 类型都可以用于类型参数传入。
class Sample
有效:Sample
无效:Sample
struct Sample
规定T必须为IDisposable 类型的 引用类型
有效:Sample
无效:Sample
分析:为什么SqlConnection 可以而StringBuilder不可以?它们都是引用类型
1.SqlConnection实现了IDisposable接口,所以可以协变
2.StringBuilder只实现了ISerializable接口,无法通过途径转换为IDisposable
class Sample
因为将IComparable
typeof(IComparable
有效:Sample
无效:Sample
也可以指定多种约束:
class sample
class Sample
有效:Sample
无效:Sample
总结:要看传入类参数是否可以转换,查看规定参数和传入类参数是否实现同一接口,如果实现则可以,否则不可以。
不可以是以下:System.Object,System.Enum,System.ValueType,System.Delegate,结构或密封类(String)
5.组合约束
对类型参数的约束有多个,注意:只能是一种类型,值类型和引用类型不能同时存在,没用一个类型即是引用类型,又是值类型。
Since every value type has a constructorless function, there can be no constructor constraints thereafter
Valid:
class Sample
class Sample
Invalid:
class Sample
class Sample
class Sample
class Sample
class Sample
class Sample< ;T, U> where T: struct where U: Class, T (The type parameter "T" has the "struct" constraint, so "T" cannot be used as a constraint of "U", so it is invalid)
class Sample
This is also true when I see this version on the InternetValidI don’t understand:
class Sample
##class Sample
Hope you can correct me
The above is C# generics The content of the constraints is introduced in detail with pictures and texts. For more related content, please pay attention to the PHP Chinese website (www.php.cn)!

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