1. Three major features
Encapsulation: Hide internal implementation.
Inheritance: Reuse existing code.
Polymorphism: rewrite object behavior.
2. Design principles
- ##Single Responsibility Principle(SRP)
A class has only one cause of it Reason for change.
- Open-Close Principle (OCP):
Class modules should be extensible, but cannot be modified. (Open to extension development, closed to modifications)
- Liskov Substitution Principle(LSP):
Subclasses can be anywhere Replace its base class.
- Interface Segregation Principle (ISP):
Try to use interfaces with single functions instead of interfaces with complex and comprehensive functions .
- Dependence Inversion Principle (DIP):
High-level modules should not depend on low-level modules, both should depend on abstraction . Abstractions should not depend on implementation details; implementation details should depend on abstractions.
- Law of Demeter or Least Knowledge Principle(LOD orLKP):
Requires as much encapsulation as possible, as much as possible Independent, try to use low-level access modifiers.
- Composition/Aggregation Reuse Principle (CARP):
If you only achieve the purpose of code reuse, try to use it Composition and aggregation, not inheritance.
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