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Linux -- inter-process communication -- shared memory

黄舟
黄舟Original
2017-01-18 10:36:421774browse

一、共享内存
共享内存是最高效的通信方式,因为不需要一个进程先拷贝到内核,另一个进程在存内核中读取。

二、 ipcs -m 查看共享内存
ipcrm -m 删除共享内存

三、主要函数
shmget 创建

shmctl 删除

shmat 挂接

shmdt 取消挂接

********* man 函数名 查看*****
四、代码实现
comm.h

1 #pragma once  
  2 #include<stdio.h>  
  3 #include<stdlib.h>  
  4 #include<unistd.h>  
  5 #include<sys/ipc.h>  
  6 #include<sys/shm.h>  
  7 #define _PATH_ "."  
  8 #define _PROJID_ 0x666  
  9 #define _SHM_SIZE_ 4096  
 10 int getShmget();  
 11 int destoryShm(int shm_id);  
 12 char* at_shm(int shm_id);  
 13 int delete_Shm(char *addr);

comm.c

1 #include"comm.h"  
  2 int getShmget()  
  3 {  
  4     key_t key=ftok(_PATH_,_PROJID_);  
  5   
  6     int shmflg=IPC_CREAT |0666;  
  7     int shm_id=shmget(key,_SHM_SIZE_,shmflg);  
  8     if(shm_id<0)  
  9     {  
 10         perror("shmget");  
 11         return -1;  
 12     }     
 13     return shm_id;  
 14 }     
 15   
 16 int destoryShm(int shm_id)  
 17 {  
 18     return shmctl(shm_id,IPC_RMID,NULL);  
 19 }     
 20   
 21 char* at_shm(int shm_id)  
 22 {  
 23     return (char*)shmat(shm_id,NULL,0);  
 24 }  
 25 int delete_Shm(char *addr)  
 26 {  
 27     return shmdt(addr);  
 28 }

client.c

1 #include"comm.h"  
  2 int main()  
  3 {  
  4     int shm_id=getShmget();  
  5     char *addr=at_shm(shm_id);  
  6     int i=0;  
  7     for(;i<_SHM_SIZE_;i++)  
  8     {  
  9         addr[i ]=&#39;A&#39;;  
 10         addr[i+1]=&#39;\0&#39;;  
 11         sleep(1);  
 12     }     
 13     delete_Shm(addr);  
 14     return 0;  
 15 }

server.c

1 #include"comm.h"  
  2 int main()  
  3 {  
  4     int shm_id=getShmget();  
  5     char * addr=at_shm(shm_id);  
  6     int i=0;  
  7     for(;i<_SHM_SIZE_;i++)  
  8     {  
  9         printf("%s\n",addr);  
 10         sleep(1);  
 11     }  
 12     delete_Shm(addr);  
 13     destoryShm(shm_id);  
 14     return 0;  
 15 }

运行结果

Linux -- inter-process communication -- shared memory

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