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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialphp—namespace keyword and __NAMESPACE__ constant

PHP支持两种抽象的访问当前命名空间内部元素的方法,__NAMESPACE__ 魔术常量和namespace关键字。

常量__NAMESPACE__的值是包含当前命名空间名称的字符串。在全局的,不包括在任何命名空间中的代码,它包含一个空的字符串。

Example #1 __NAMESPACE__ 示例, 在命名空间中的代码

<?php
    namespace MyProject;
    echo &#39;"&#39;, __NAMESPACE__, &#39;"&#39;; // 输出 "MyProject"
?>

Example #2 __NAMESPACE__ 示例,全局代码

<?php
    echo &#39;"&#39;, __NAMESPACE__, &#39;"&#39;; // 输出 ""
?>

常量 __NAMESPACE__ 在动态创建名称时很有用,例如:

Example #3 使用__NAMESPACE__动态创建名称

<?php
    namespace MyProject;
    function get($classname)
    {
        $a = __NAMESPACE__ . &#39;\\&#39; . $classname;
        return new $a;
    }
?>

关键字 namespace 可用来显式访问当前命名空间或子命名空间中的元素。它等价于类中的 self 操作符。

Example #4 namespace操作符,命名空间中的代码

<?php
    namespace MyProject;
    use blah\blah as mine; //命名空间别名(参考:使用命名空间别名和导入)
    blah\mine(); // 调用函数 blah\blah\mine()
    namespace\blah\mine(); // 调用函数 MyProject\blah\mine()
    namespace\func(); // 调用函数 MyProject\func()
    namespace\sub\func(); // 调用函数 MyProject\sub\func()
    namespace\cname::method(); // 调用类 MyProject\cname 的静态方法"method" 
    $a = new namespace\sub\cname(); // 实例化类MyProject\sub\cname的对象 
    $b = namespace\CONSTANT; // 将常量 MyProject\CONSTANT 的值赋给 $b
?>

Example #5 namespace操作符, 全局代码

<?php
 namespace\func(); // 调用函数 func()
   namespace\sub\func(); // 调用函数 sub\func()
   namespace\cname::method(); // 调用类cname的静态方法"method"
   $a = new namespace\sub\cname(); // 实例化sub\cname类对象
   $b = namespace\CONSTANT; // 将常量 CONSTANT 的值赋给 $b
?>


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