A brief discussion on Python string formatted output (format/printf)

Python string formatting uses "character % format 1 % format 2 character" % (variable 1, variable 2), % format indicates the type of variable accepted. A simple usage example is as follows:

# Example: String formatting

Name = '17jo'
print 'www.%s.com'%Name
>> www.17jo.com

Name = '17jo'
Zone = 'com'
print 'www.%s.%s'%(Name,Zone)
>> www.17jo.com

When formatting strings, there are different format symbols after the percent sign, which represent different types to be converted. The specific symbols are as follows.

Format symbol indicates type

%s String
%d/%i Decimal integer
%u decimal integer
%o Octal integer
%x/%X Hexadecimal integer
%e/%E Scientific notation
%f/%F Floating point number
%% Output%

When the format symbol is a number, you can add a number and fill in the missing digits in front, such as: %[0][Total digits][.][Decimal digits] to set the style to be converted. The specific usage is as follows:

# Example: Number formatting

nYear = 2018
nMonth = 8
nDay = 18
# Format the date %02d number into a two-digit integer and fill in the gaps with 0
print '%04d-%02d-%02d'%(nYear,nMonth,nDay)
>> 2018-08-18 # Output results

fValue = 8.123
print '%06.2f'%fValue # Reserve a 2-digit decimal floating point type with a width of 6
>> 008.12 # Output

print '%d'%10 # Output decimal
>> 10
print '%o'%10 # Output octal
>> 12
print '%02x'%10 # Output two digits of hexadecimal, fill in the gaps with zeros in lowercase letters
>> 0a
print '%04X'%10 # Output four digits of hexadecimal, fill in the gaps between uppercase letters with zeros
>> 000A
print '%.2e'%1.2888 # Output floating point type in scientific notation retaining 2 decimal places
>> 1.29e+00

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