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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP 正则判断中文UTF-8或GBK的思路及具体实现_php技巧

UTF-8匹配: 在javascript中,要判断字符串是中文是很简单的。比如:

复制代码 代码如下:

var str = "php编程";
if (/^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]+$/.test(str)) {
alert("该字符串全部是中文");
}else{
alert("该字符串不全部是中文");
}
//php中,是用\x表示十六进制数据的。于是,变换成如下的代码:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[\x4e00-\x9fa5]+$/",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}

貌似不报错了,判断的结果也正确,不过把$str换成“编程”两字,结果却还是显示“该字符串不全部是中文”,看来这样的判断还是不够准确。重要:查阅了发现,对于[\x4e00-\x9fa5]这块东西,自己做一个强化的解释 php的正则中, [\x4e00-\x9fa5],其实就是 字符和字符组的概念, \x{hex},表达一个16进制数, 需要注意的是hex 可以是1-2位的,也可以是4位的,但是如果是4位的必须加上大括号, 同时,如果是大于x{FF}的hex,必须和u 修饰符连用,不然会非法出错
网上只能找到匹配全角字符的正则: ^[\x80-\xff]*^/ ,这里可以不加大括号
[\u4e00-\u9fa5]可以匹配中文,但是PHP又不支持
不过,既然x表示的十六进制数据,为什么和js里边提供的范围x4e00-\x9fa5不一样呢?于是我就换成了下边的代码,发现真的准确了:
复制代码 代码如下:

$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[\x{4e00}-\x{9fa5}]+$/u",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}

知道了php中utf-8编码下用正则表达式匹配汉字的最终正确表达式——/^[\x{4e00}-\x{9fa5}]+$/u,

参考以上文章写了如下一段测试代码(复制以下代码保存成.php文件)
复制代码 代码如下:

$action = trim($_GET['action']);
if($action == "sub")
{
$str = $_POST['dir'];
//if(!preg_match("/^[".chr(0xa1)."-".chr(0xff)."A-Za-z0-9_]+$/",$str)) //GB2312汉字字母数字下划线正则表达式
if(!preg_match("/^[\x{4e00}-\x{9fa5}A-Za-z0-9_]+$/u",$str)) //UTF-8汉字字母数字下划线正则表达式
{
echo "您输入的[".$str."]含有违法字符";
}
else
{
echo "您输入的[".$str."]完全合法,通过!";
}
}
?>

复制代码 代码如下:


输入字符(数字,字母,汉字,下划线):




GBK: preg_match("/^[".chr(0xa1)."-".chr(0xff)."A-Za-z0-9_]+$/",$str); //GB2312汉字字母数字下划线正则表达式。
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