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Data:
SELECT: Allows reading data.
INSERT: Allows inserting and replacing data.
UPDATA: Allows changing data.
DELETE: Allows deletion of data.
FILE: Allows importing data from and exporting data to files.
Structure:
CREATE: Allows the creation of new databases and tables.
ALTER: Allows modification of the structure of an existing table.
INDEX: Allows creation and deletion of indexes.
DROP: Allows deleting databases and tables.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES: Allows the creation of temporary tables.
SHOW VIEW: Displays the query that executes SHOW CREATE VIEW.
CREATE ROUTINE: Allows creation of stored procedures.
ALTER ROUTINE: Allows modification or deletion of stored procedures.
EXECUTE: Allows running stored procedures.
CREATE VIEW: Allows the creation of views.
Management:
GRANT: Allow adding users and permissions, but not reloading permission tables.
SUPER: Allows connections when the maximum number of connections is reached, required for most management operations like setting global variables or killing other user threads.
PROCESS: Allows viewing of processes for all users.
RELOAD: Allows reloading server settings and flushing the server's cache.
SHUTDOWN: Allows server shutdown.
SHOW DATABASES: Allows access to the complete list of databases.
LOCK TABLES: Allows locking tables of the current thread.
REFERENCES: Not valid in this version of MySQL.
REPLICATION CLIENT: User has the right to ask where the affiliate/controller is.
REPLICATION SLAVE: Required to reply to affiliates.
CREATE USER: Allows creation, deletion and renaming of user accounts.