search
HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP Talk 'Refactoring - Improving the Design of Existing Code' Part 3 Reorganizing Data_PHP Tutorial

思维导图


介绍

 
 承接上文的PHP 杂谈《重构-改善既有代码的设计》之 重新组织你的函数继续重构方面的内容。
 
这章主要针对数据的重构。
 
1、争论的声音——直接访问Field还是通过函数(Accessor)访问Field

 2.修改Array为Object:当你看到一个Array很像一个数据结构,你可以使用Replace Array with Object,把Array变成一个对象。——数据结构更清晰。

 
 
 专业术语
 

accessor:访问者,存储器——在本文翻译为“函数”

dumb:哑

domain class:用以处理业务逻辑

presentation class:用以处理”数据表现形式“

business logic:业务逻辑

unidirectional:单向的

bidirectional:双向的

collection:群集

 Self Encapsulate Field
 
状况:如果Client直接访问值域,会造成Client与值域之间的耦合关系逐渐变得笨拙,那么为这个值域建立取值/设置函数,并且只以这些函数来访问。
 

 

动机:

  “间接访问变量”:支持更灵活的数据获取方式,如lazy Initialization(意思是只有用到值时,才对它进行初始化。)

  “直接访问变量”:代码比较容易阅读,不需要停下来说:“啊,这只是个取值函数”。

       选择:1、代码规范,按照团队中大多数人的做法去做。

     2、个人比较喜欢“直接访问变量”,直到这种方式带来麻烦为止。

       martin(作者)的例子:你想获取superclass中的field,却又想在subclass中将该field改为计算后的值,这就最该使用Self Encapsulate Field。

                         我自己的例子:我一般会把field设置成private,如果外部变量,需要用到此field的时候,我就会用Self Encapsulate Field。或者field的值有变化的时候,用Self Encapsulate Field。


 Replace Data Value with Object
 
 状况:如果你的某个基本类型的field,需要额外的数据和行为,那么将此field变成对象。
 

 

 
  动机:
 

开发初期,我们也许会使用基本数据类型表示简单的行为。例如:你可能会用一个字符串表示电话号码,但是随后可能会出现电话号码的“格式化“,”验证“,”抽取区号“之类的特殊行为。——这时候我们就需要一个新类。

 
 Replace Array with Object
 
状况:你有一个数组,数组中的元素各自代表不同的东西,那么以对象替换数组,对于数组中的每个元素,以一个值域表示之。
 

Motive:

Arrays are often used for a group of similar objects. If the elements in the array are different, it is difficult to understand the convention that the first element in the array is a person's name. Objects are different, and such information can be conveyed through domain names and function names. ——This way there is no need to memorize it by rote and no need to annotate it.

Encapsulate Field
Status: If there is a public value field in your class, declare it as pirvate and provide the corresponding access function.

Motive:

One of the principles of object-oriented is encapsulation (Encapsulate) or "data hiding". According to this original test, you should never declare data as public.
——Public data is considered a bad practice.
 ——If it is encapsulated, the code modification will be simpler because it is all concentrated in one place.
A function does not provide other behaviors except access functions (getting/setting). It is just a dumb class after all. This type of class cannot gain the advantages of object technology. ——The solution to dumb classes is Move Method to quickly move them to new objects.
conclusion
I hope to share what I understand with everyone, and welcome your valuable opinions.

www.bkjia.comtruehttp: //www.bkjia.com/PHPjc/325369.htmlTechArticleMind map introduction follows the reorganization of the above PHP chat "Refactoring-Improving the Design of Existing Code" Your function continues to be refactored. This chapter mainly focuses on data reconstruction. ...
Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
The Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceThe Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceApr 19, 2025 am 12:23 AM

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesPHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesApr 19, 2025 am 12:21 AM

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages ​​that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedPHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedApr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryPHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryApr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideChoosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideApr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguagePHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguageApr 18, 2025 am 12:14 AM

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondPHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondApr 18, 2025 am 12:10 AM

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?Apr 17, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values ​​and handle functions that may return null values.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

SecLists

SecLists

SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.