/**
* Verification code class
* chaojie2008@126.com
* 2012-02-09
**/
class Vailimg {
private $height;
private $codeNum;
private $checkCode; // Verification code characters
private $image;
/* The constructor is used to instantiate the verification code object and initialize some member attributes */
/* Parameter width: Set the width of the verification code image, the default width value is 60 pixels */
/* Parameter height: Set the height of the verification code image, the default height value is 20 pixels */
/* Parameter codeNum: Set the number of letters and numbers in the verification code, the default number is 4 */
function __construct($width=60, $height=20, $codeNum=4) {
$this->checkCode=$this->createCheckCode(); //Initialize the member attribute checkCode
}
function showImage(){ //Output the image to the browser by accessing this method
}
function getCheckCode(){ //Access this method to obtain a randomly created verification code string
return $this->checkCode;
}
Private function getcreateImage () {// used to create image resources, and first made the back
$this->image=imageCreate($this->width,$this->height);
$back=imageColorAllocate($this->image, 255, 255, 255);
$border=imageColorAllocate($this->image, 0, 0, 0);
imageRectangle($this->image,0,0,$this->width-1,$this->height-1,$border);
}
private function createCheckCode(){ //Randomly generate a user-specified number of strings
for($i=0;$icodeNum;$i++) {
$number=rand(0,2);
switch($number){
case 0: $rand_number=rand(48,57);break;
Case 1: $ rand_number = RAND (65,90); break; // uppercase letters
case 2: $rand_number=rand(97,122);break;
}
$ascii=sprintf("%c",$rand_number);
$ascii_number=$ascii_number.$ascii;
return $ascii_number;
private function setDisturbColor() { //Set the interference pixels and output 100 points of different colors to the image
for ($i=0;$i
$color = imagecolorallocate($this->image, rand(0,255), rand(0,255), rand(0,255));
imagesetpixel($this->image,rand(1,$this->width-2),rand(1,$this->height-2),$color);
}
}
private function outputText() { //Output random colors, random placement, and random strings to the image
for ($i=0;$icodeNum;$i++) {
$bg_color = imagecolorallocate($this->image, rand(0,255), rand(0,128), rand(0,255));
$x = floor($this->width/$this->codeNum)*$i+3;
$y = rand(0,$this->height-15);
Imagechar($this->image, 5, $x, $y, $this->checkCode[$i], $bg_color);
}
}
private function outputImage(){ // Automatically detect the image type supported by GD and output the image
If(imagetypes() & IMG_GIF){ //Determine whether the function that generates GIF format images exists
header("Content-type: image/gif"); //Send header information and set the MIME type to image/gif
Imagegif ($ This- & gt; Image); // The image outputs the image to the browser
in GIF format
} Elseif (ImageTypes () & IMG_JPG) {// determine whether the function that generates a jpg format image exists
header("Content-type: image/jpeg"); //Send header information and set the MIME type to image/jpeg
imagejpeg($this->image, "", 0.5); // Output the image to the browser in JPEN format
} Elseif (ImageTypes () & IMG_PNG) {// determine whether the function that generates a PNG format image exists
header("Content-type: image/png"); //Send header information and set the MIME type to image/png
ImagePng ($ this- & gt; Image); // The image outputs the image to the browser
in PNG format
}elseif(imagetypes() & IMG_WBMP){ // Determine whether the function to generate WBMP format images exists
header("Content-type: image/vnd.wap.wbmp"); //Sending header is image/wbmp
ImageWBMP ($ this- & gt; image); // Output the image into the browser in WBMP format
//If there is no supported image type
DIE ("PHP does not support image creation!"); // Do not output images, output a error message, and exit the program
}
function __destruct(){ //Destroy image resources and release memory before the object ends
ImageDestroy ($ this- & gt; Image); // Call the method in the GD library to destroy image resources
}
}
?>
Excerpted from chaojie2009’s column

In PHP, trait is suitable for situations where method reuse is required but not suitable for inheritance. 1) Trait allows multiplexing methods in classes to avoid multiple inheritance complexity. 2) When using trait, you need to pay attention to method conflicts, which can be resolved through the alternative and as keywords. 3) Overuse of trait should be avoided and its single responsibility should be maintained to optimize performance and improve code maintainability.

Dependency Injection Container (DIC) is a tool that manages and provides object dependencies for use in PHP projects. The main benefits of DIC include: 1. Decoupling, making components independent, and the code is easy to maintain and test; 2. Flexibility, easy to replace or modify dependencies; 3. Testability, convenient for injecting mock objects for unit testing.

SplFixedArray is a fixed-size array in PHP, suitable for scenarios where high performance and low memory usage are required. 1) It needs to specify the size when creating to avoid the overhead caused by dynamic adjustment. 2) Based on C language array, directly operates memory and fast access speed. 3) Suitable for large-scale data processing and memory-sensitive environments, but it needs to be used with caution because its size is fixed.

PHP handles file uploads through the $\_FILES variable. The methods to ensure security include: 1. Check upload errors, 2. Verify file type and size, 3. Prevent file overwriting, 4. Move files to a permanent storage location.

In JavaScript, you can use NullCoalescingOperator(??) and NullCoalescingAssignmentOperator(??=). 1.??Returns the first non-null or non-undefined operand. 2.??= Assign the variable to the value of the right operand, but only if the variable is null or undefined. These operators simplify code logic, improve readability and performance.

CSP is important because it can prevent XSS attacks and limit resource loading, improving website security. 1.CSP is part of HTTP response headers, limiting malicious behavior through strict policies. 2. The basic usage is to only allow loading resources from the same origin. 3. Advanced usage can set more fine-grained strategies, such as allowing specific domain names to load scripts and styles. 4. Use Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only header to debug and optimize CSP policies.

HTTP request methods include GET, POST, PUT and DELETE, which are used to obtain, submit, update and delete resources respectively. 1. The GET method is used to obtain resources and is suitable for read operations. 2. The POST method is used to submit data and is often used to create new resources. 3. The PUT method is used to update resources and is suitable for complete updates. 4. The DELETE method is used to delete resources and is suitable for deletion operations.

HTTPS is a protocol that adds a security layer on the basis of HTTP, which mainly protects user privacy and data security through encrypted data. Its working principles include TLS handshake, certificate verification and encrypted communication. When implementing HTTPS, you need to pay attention to certificate management, performance impact and mixed content issues.


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