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Twig's tags learning (Chinese) Part 1_PHP tutorial
- WBOYOriginal
- 2016-07-13 17:48:011103browse
Twig is a simple yet powerful template. I’m learning SF so take a look at her.
The source of this article is http://twig.sensiolabs.org/doc/tags/index.html
Currently supported tags include
for if macro filter set extends block include import from use spaceless autoescape raw flush do
twig is divided into 3 types in html
{{...}} directly outputs the variables
{#...#} comment tag
{%...%} command tags are what we need to learn
for tag
This is the simplest, it is a loop.
Array-based loop
Members
{% for user in users %}
{% endfor %}
Members
{% for user in users %}
{% endfor %}
For loops based on numbers, special attention should be paid to the fact that 0-10, which is 11 numbers, will be output here.
{% for i in 0..10 %}
* {{ i }}
{% endfor %}
{% for i in 0..10 %}
* {{ i }}
{% endfor %}
Letter-based loop
* {{ letter }}
{% endfor %}
{% for letter in 'a'..'z' %}
* {{ letter }}
{% endfor %}
Variables inside the loop body
loop.length, loop.revindex, loop.revindex0, loop.last These values are only valid when the loop is a PHP array or a class that implements the Countable interface.
Add a condition
Unlike PHP, break and continue statements are not supported inside loops. You can only skip some loops through filters, like this
{% for user in users if user.active %}
{% endfor %}
{% for user in users if user.active %}
{% endfor %}
else branch
If users is an empty array, no user found will be output.
-
{% for user in users %}
{% else %}
{% endfor %}
{% for user in users %}
{% else %}
{% endfor %}
Loop by keys
Members
{% for key in users|keys %}
{% endfor %}
Members
{% for key in users|keys %}
{% endfor %}
Loop by keys, values
Members
{% for key, user in users %} {% endfor %}
Members
{% for key, user in users %}
{% endfor %}
if tag
Needless to say, just look at the example {% if users %}
{% for user in users %}
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% if kenny.sick %}
Kenny is sick.
{% elseif kenny.dead %}
You killed Kenny! You bastard!!!
{% else %}
Kenny looks okay --- so far
{% endif %}
{% if users %}
- {{ user.username|e }}
{% for user in users %}
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% if kenny.sick %}
Kenny is sick.
{% elseif kenny.dead %}
You killed Kenny! You bastard!!!
{% else %}
Kenny looks okay --- so far
{% endif %}
macro tag
Macro (macro tag) is similar to functions in other languages and is often used to fill in html tags. The following is an example to render
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% endmacro %}
macro与函数的不同之处在于：
1、参数的默认值是通过macro块内部的 default过滤器来定义的。
2、参数总是可选的。
另外，就跟php函数一样，macro内部是无法使用外部的变量的。但你可以传递一个特殊变量_context作为参数来获取整个内容。
macro可以被定义在任何的模板内，但在你使用之前需要使用 imported
{% import "forms.html" as forms %}
{% import "forms.html" as forms %}然后就可以这样使用了
{{ forms.input('username') }}
{{ forms.input('password', null, 'password') }}
{{ forms.input('username') }}
{{ forms.input('password', null, 'password') }}
如果你要在定义macro的模板里使用，就不需要imported 可以使用特殊变量_self
{{ _self.input('username') }}
{{ _self.input('username') }}
如果你要定义一个macro里 包含另一个macro，并且两个macro在同一个文件里，可以使用特殊变量_self
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
{{ _self.input(name, value, type, size) }}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
{{ _self.input(name, value, type, size) }}
{% endmacro %}
如果两个macro在不同的文件里，你需要使用import
{# forms.html #}
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% endmacro %}
{# shortcuts.html #}
{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% import "forms.html" as forms %}
{{ forms.input(name, value, type, size) }}
{% endmacro %}
{# forms.html #}
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% endmacro %}
{# shortcuts.html #}
{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
{% import "forms.html" as forms %}
{{ forms.input(name, value, type, size) }}
{% endmacro %}
filter tag
Just apply a filter to the entire block
{% filter upper %}
This text becomes uppercase
{% endfilter %}
{% filter upper %}
This text becomes uppercase
{% endfilter %}
{% filter lower|escape %}
SOME TEXT
{% endfilter %}
Excerpted from jiaochangyun’s column