PHPUnit Pocket Guide - Command Line Testing Tool_PHP Tutorial
The PHPUnit command line testing tool is called through the phpunit command. The following code shows how to run tests through the PHPUnit command line testing tool.
phpunit ArrayTest
Time: 0.067288 OK (2 tests) |
For each test, the PHPUnit command line testing tool prints a character indicating the process:
·The test successfully prints ".".
·When running the test method, an assertion failure occurs and "F" is printed.
· When running the test method, an error occurs and "E" is printed.
·The test is not completed or the test does not print "I" (see the chapter "Unfinished Tests" at the end of this book).
PHPUnit can distinguish between failures and errors. A failure is a PHPUnit assertion violation, and an error is an unexpected exception or a PHP error. Sometimes this distinction is useful because mistakes are easier to fix than failures. If you have a long list of issues, it's a good idea to resolve all the errors first and then see if any failures remain.
phpunit --help PHPUnit 2.3.0 by Sebastian Bergmann. Usage: phpunit [switches] UnitTest [UnitTest.php] --coverage-data <file> Write code-coverage data in raw format to file. --coverage-html <file> Write code-coverage data in HTML format to file. --coverage-text <file> Write code-coverage data in text format to file. --testdox-html <file> Write agile documentation in HTML format to file. --testdox-text <file> Write agile documentation in Text format to file. --log-xml <file> Log test progress in XML format to file. --loader <loader> TestSuiteLoader implementation to use. --skeleton Generate skeleton UnitTest class for Unit in Unit.php. --wait Waits for a keystroke after each test. --help Prints this usage information. --version Prints the version and exits. |
Let’s take a look at some of the following code command line testing tool options:
phpunit --help PHPUnit 2.3.0 by Sebastian Bergmann. Usage: phpunit [switches] UnitTest [UnitTest.php] --coverage-data <file> Write code-coverage data in raw format to file. --coverage-html <file> Write code-coverage data in HTML format to file. --coverage-text <file> Write code-coverage data in text format to file. --testdox-html <file> Write agile documentation in HTML format to file. --testdox-text <file> Write agile documentation in Text format to file. --log-xml <file> Log test progress in XML format to file. --loader <loader> TestSuiteLoader implementation to use. --skeleton Generate skeleton UnitTest class for Unit in Unit.php. --wait Waits for a keystroke after each test. --help Prints this usage information. --version Prints the version and exits. |
phpunit UnitTest
Run the test provided by the class UnitTest, which should be defined in the source file UnitTest.php.
The class UnitTest must inherit the PHPUnit2_Framework_TestCase class, or provide a public static method suite and return a class of the PHPUnit2_ Framework_Test object (for example, an instance of the class PHPUnit2_Framework_TestSuite)
phpunit UnitTest UnitTest.php
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite name="ArrayTest" tests="2" failures="0" errors="0" time="0.020026"> <testcase name="testNewArrayIsEmpty" class="ArrayTest" time="0.014449"/> <testcase name="testArrayContainsAnElement" class="ArrayTest" time="0.005577"/> </testsuite> </testsuites> |
<testsuites> <testsuite name="ArrayTest" tests="2" failures="0" errors="0" time="0.020026"> <testcase name="testNewArrayIsEmpty" class="ArrayTest" time="0.014449"/> <testcase name="testArrayContainsAnElement" class="ArrayTest" time="0.005577"/> </testsuite> </testsuites> |
The following XML log file is generated for two tests of the test class named FailureErrorTest, one is testFailure and the other is testError. This shows how failures and errors are represented separately.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite name="FailureErrorTest" tests="2" failures="1" errors="1" time="0.013603"> <testcase name="testFailure" class="FailureErrorTest" time="0.011872"> <failure message="" type="PHPUnit2_Framework_AssertionFailedError"></failure> </testcase> <testcase name="testError" class="FailureErrorTest" time="0.001731"> <error message="" type="Exception"></error> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuites> --loader |
<testsuite name="FailureErrorTest" tests="2" failures="1" errors="1" time="0.013603">
<testcase name="testFailure" class="FailureErrorTest" time="0.011872">
<failure message="" type="PHPUnit2_Framework_AssertionFailedError"></failure>
</testcase>
<testcase name="testError" class="FailureErrorTest" time="0.001731">
<error message="" type="Exception"></error>
</testcase>
</testsuite>
</testsuites>
--loader
Specifies the test suite loader to be used.
phpunit --skeleton Sample PHPUnit 2.3.0 by Sebastian Bergmann. Wrote test class skeleton for Sample to SampleTest.php. phpunit SampleTest PHPUnit 2.3.0 by Sebastian Bergmann. I Time: 0.007268 There was 1 incomplete test case: 1) testSampleMethod(SampleTest) OK, but incomplete test cases!!! Tests run: 1, incomplete test cases: 1. |
The standard test suite loader will look for source files in the current working directory and the path defined by PHP's include_path configuration directive. According to the naming rules of PEAR, the source file mapped to a class name in the form Project_Package_Class is Project/Package/Class.php.
--skeleton
public function testSampleMethod( ) {} |
A framework that generates a test case class named UnitTest (in the file UnitTest.php) for the class Unit (in the file Unit.php). For each method of the original class, an unfinished test case is provided in the generated test case class (see the "Unfinished Tests" section at the end of this book).
The following example shows how to generate a test class skeleton for a class named Sample.
phpunit --skeleton Sample PHPUnit 2.3.0 by Sebastian Bergmann. Wrote test class skeleton for Sample to SampleTest.php. phpunit SampleTest |

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.


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