


Comparison of the usage of cookies and sessions in php_PHP tutorial
1. The cookie data is stored on the client's browser, and the session data is stored on the server.
2. Cookies are not very safe. Others can analyze the cookies stored locally and deceive them. Sessions should be used for security reasons.
3. The session will be saved on the server within a certain period of time. When access increases, it will take up more of your server's performance. In order to reduce server performance, COOKIE should be used.
4. The limit of a single cookie on the client is 3K, which means that a site cannot store 3K COOKIES on the client.
Example, COOKIE
For example: setCookie('user','zhangsan',time()+3600), which means that the user variable value is Zhang San's cookie survival time is 1 hour. It should be noted here that this function belongs to the header function, which is equivalent to For the header() jump function in php, there cannot be "any output (including spaces)" before it.
2. Use $_COOKIE['user'] to get the cookie value. www.111cn.net
3. Log out cookie: setCookie('user','',time()-3600); or setCookie('user');
4.
//Delete the client’s sessionid in the cookie
if(isset($_COOKIE[session_name()])){
setCookie(session_name(),'',time()-30,'/');
}
Example, session
1. //Open session
session_start();
2. //Clear session value
$_SESSION = array();
// Completely destroy the session
session_destroy();
Who is safer, session or cookie?
Personally, I think session is safer. I have the following opinions.
1. If session and cookie were as secure, they would not exist at the same time. Just cookie would be enough, allowing the client to offload the burden of the server, and it would be transparent to the user. Why not.
2. The session ID of the session is placed in the cookie. If you want to break the session, you must break the cookie first. After breaking the cookie, you need to get the sessionID. The sessionID will only be available when someone logs in or starts session_start. You don't know when someone will log in. Second, the session ID is encrypted. When session_starts for the second time, the previous session ID will be useless. When the session expires, the session ID will also become invalid. It is difficult to break the encrypted session ID in a short time. The session is for a certain communication. When the session ends, the session disappears, and the real cookie exists in a text file on the client's hard disk. It is obvious who is safe.
3. If the session is so easy to be compromised and so unsafe, I think most of the existing websites are unsafe.

To protect the application from session-related XSS attacks, the following measures are required: 1. Set the HttpOnly and Secure flags to protect the session cookies. 2. Export codes for all user inputs. 3. Implement content security policy (CSP) to limit script sources. Through these policies, session-related XSS attacks can be effectively protected and user data can be ensured.

Methods to optimize PHP session performance include: 1. Delay session start, 2. Use database to store sessions, 3. Compress session data, 4. Manage session life cycle, and 5. Implement session sharing. These strategies can significantly improve the efficiency of applications in high concurrency environments.

Thesession.gc_maxlifetimesettinginPHPdeterminesthelifespanofsessiondata,setinseconds.1)It'sconfiguredinphp.iniorviaini_set().2)Abalanceisneededtoavoidperformanceissuesandunexpectedlogouts.3)PHP'sgarbagecollectionisprobabilistic,influencedbygc_probabi

In PHP, you can use the session_name() function to configure the session name. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Use the session_name() function to set the session name, such as session_name("my_session"). 2. After setting the session name, call session_start() to start the session. Configuring session names can avoid session data conflicts between multiple applications and enhance security, but pay attention to the uniqueness, security, length and setting timing of session names.

The session ID should be regenerated regularly at login, before sensitive operations, and every 30 minutes. 1. Regenerate the session ID when logging in to prevent session fixed attacks. 2. Regenerate before sensitive operations to improve safety. 3. Regular regeneration reduces long-term utilization risks, but the user experience needs to be weighed.

Setting session cookie parameters in PHP can be achieved through the session_set_cookie_params() function. 1) Use this function to set parameters, such as expiration time, path, domain name, security flag, etc.; 2) Call session_start() to make the parameters take effect; 3) Dynamically adjust parameters according to needs, such as user login status; 4) Pay attention to setting secure and httponly flags to improve security.

The main purpose of using sessions in PHP is to maintain the status of the user between different pages. 1) The session is started through the session_start() function, creating a unique session ID and storing it in the user cookie. 2) Session data is saved on the server, allowing data to be passed between different requests, such as login status and shopping cart content.

How to share a session between subdomains? Implemented by setting session cookies for common domain names. 1. Set the domain of the session cookie to .example.com on the server side. 2. Choose the appropriate session storage method, such as memory, database or distributed cache. 3. Pass the session ID through cookies, and the server retrieves and updates the session data based on the ID.


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