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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialGrab images using PHP's Snoopy class_PHP Tutorial

用了两天php的Snoopy这个类,发现很好用。获取请求网页里面的所有链接,直接使用fetchlinks就可以,获取所有文本信息使用fetchtext(其内部还是使用正则表达式在进行处理),还有其它较多的功能,如模拟提交表单等。

使用方法:

  1. 先下载Snoopy类,下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/snoopy/
  2. 先实例化一个对象,然后调用相应的方法即可获取抓取的网页信息

示例:

include 'snoopy/Snoopy.class.php';
    
$snoopy = new Snoopy();
    
$sourceURL = "http://xxxxxxxxx";
$snoopy->fetchlinks($sourceURL);
    
$a = $snoopy->results;

它并没有提供获取网页中所有图片地址的方法,自己有个需求是要获取一个页面中所有文章列表中图片地址。然后自己就写了一个,主要还是正则那里匹配重要。

//匹配图片的正则表达式
 $reTag = "/<img  src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="(http://[^"  class="lazy" [^s]+]+).(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)"[^/]*/ alt="Grab images using PHP's Snoopy class_PHP Tutorial" >/i";

因为需求比较特殊,只需要抓取写死htp://开头的图片(外站的图片可能使得了防盗链,想先抓取到本地)

  1. 抓取指定网页,并筛选出预期的所有文章地址;
  2. 循环抓取第一步中的文章地址,然后使用匹配图片的正则表达式进行匹配,获取页面中所有符合规则的图片地址;
  3. 根据图片后缀和ID(这里只有gif、jpg)保存图片---如果此图片文件存在,先将其删除再保存。
<meta http-equiv='content-type' content='text/html;charset=utf-8'>
<?php
    include 'snoopy/Snoopy.class.php';
    
    $snoopy = new Snoopy();
    
    $sourceURL = "http://xxxxx";
    $snoopy->fetchlinks($sourceURL);
    
    $a = $snoopy->results;
    $re = "/d+.html$/";
    
    //过滤获取指定的文件地址请求
    foreach ($a as $tmp) {
        if (preg_match($re, $tmp)) {
            getImgURL($tmp);
        }
    }
    
    function getImgURL($siteName) {
        $snoopy = new Snoopy();
        $snoopy->fetch($siteName);
        
        $fileContent = $snoopy->results;
        
        //匹配图片的正则表达式
        $reTag = "/<img  src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="(http://[^"  class="lazy" [^s]+]+).(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)"[^/]*/ alt="Grab images using PHP's Snoopy class_PHP Tutorial" >/i";
        
        if (preg_match($reTag, $fileContent)) {
            $ret = preg_match_all($reTag, $fileContent, $matchResult);
            
            for ($i = 0, $len = count($matchResult[1]); $i < $len; ++$i) {
                saveImgURL($matchResult[1][$i], $matchResult[2][$i]);
            }
        }
    }
    
    function saveImgURL($name, $suffix) {
        $url = $name.".".$suffix;
        
        echo "请求的图片地址:".$url."<br/>";
        
        $imgSavePath = "E:/xxx/style/images/";
        $imgId = preg_replace("/^.+/(d+)$/", "\1", $name);
        if ($suffix == "gif") {
            $imgSavePath .= "emotion";
        } else {
            $imgSavePath .= "topic";
        }
        $imgSavePath .= ("/".$imgId.".".$suffix);
        
        if (is_file($imgSavePath)) {
            unlink($imgSavePath);
            echo "<p style='color:#f00;'>文件".$imgSavePath."已存在,将被删除</p>";
        }
        
        $imgFile = file_get_contents($url);
        $flag = file_put_contents($imgSavePath, $imgFile);
        
        if ($flag) {
            echo "<p>文件".$imgSavePath."保存成功</p>";
        }
    }
?>

在使用php抓取网页:内容、图片、链接的时候,我觉得最重要的还是正则(根据抓取的内容和指定的规则获取想要的数据),思路其实都比较简单,用到的方法也并不多,也就那几个(而且抓取内容还是直接调用别人写好的类中的方法就可以了)

但之前想过的是php似乎并没有实现如下的方法,比如一个文件中有N行(N很大),需要将其中符合规则的行内容进行替换,如第3行是aaa需要转成bbbbb。一般的需要修改文件时的常见做法:

  1. 一次读取整个文件(或是逐行读取),然后使用临时文件进行保存最终转换后的结果,再替换原始文件
  2. 逐行读取,使用fseek控制文件指针的位置,然后fwrite写入

方案1在文件较大时,一次读取不可取(逐行读取,然后写入临时文件再替换原始文件效率感觉也不高),方案2则在被替换的字符串长度小于等于目标值时没问题,但超过了则会有问题,它会“越界”,将下一行的数据也打乱了(不能像JavaScript中有“选区”的概念,使用新的内容进行替换)。

下面是使用方案2做试验的代码:

<?php
$mode = "r+";
$filename = "d:/file.txt";
$fp = fopen($filename, $mode);
if ($fp) {
	$i = 1;
	while (!feof($fp)) {
  		$str = fgets($fp);
  		echo $str;
  		if ($i == 1) {
   			$len = strlen($str);
   			fseek($fp, -$len, SEEK_CUR);//指针向前移动
   			fwrite($fp, "123");
  		}
  		i++;
 	}
 	fclose($fp);
}
?>

先读取一行,此时文件指针其实是指到下一行开头,使用fseek将文件指针回移到上一行起始位置,然后使用fwrite进行替换操作,正因为是替换操作,在不指定长度的情况下,它把影响到下一行的数据,而我想要的是只想针对这一行进行操作,例如删除这一行或是整行只替换为一个1,上面的例子达不到要求,或许是我还没有找到合适的方法… 

www.bkjia.comtruehttp://www.bkjia.com/PHPjc/752523.htmlTechArticle用了两天php的Snoopy这个类,发现很好用。获取请求网页里面的所有链接,直接使用fetchlinks就可以,获取所有文本信息使用fetchtext(其内部还...
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