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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP查找与搜索数组元素方法总结_php技巧

本文实例讲述了PHP查找与搜索数组元素方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

查找、筛选与搜索数组元素是数组操作的一些常见功能。下面来介绍一下几个相关的函数。

in_array()函数

in_array()函数在一个数组汇总搜索一个特定值,如果找到这个值返回true,否则返回false。其形式如下:

boolean in_array(mixed needle,array haystack[,boolean strict]);

来看下面的例子,查找变量apple是否已经在数组中,如果在,则输出一段信息:

$fruit = "apple";
$fruits = array("apple","banana","orange","pear");
if( in_array($fruit,$fruits) ) 
 echo "$fruit 已经在数组中";

第三个参数可选,它强制in_array()在搜索时考虑类型。

array_key_exists()函数

如果在一个数组中找到一个指定的键,函数array_key_exists()返回true,否则返回false。其形式如下:

boolean array_key_exists(mixed key,array array);

下面的例子将在数组键中搜索apple,如果找到,将输出这个水果的颜色:

$fruit["apple"] = "red";
$fruit["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruit["pear"] = "green";
if(array_key_exists("apple", $fruit)){
 printf("apple's color is %s",$fruit["apple"]);
}

执行这段代码得到的结果:

复制代码 代码如下:
apple's color is red

array_search()函数

array_search()函数在一个数组中搜索一个指定的值,如果找到则返回相应的键,否则返回false。其形式如下:

mixed array_search(mixed needle,array haystack[,boolean strict])

下面的例子在$fruits中搜索一个特定的日期(December 7),如果找到,则返回相应州的有关信息:

$fruits["apple"] = "red";
$fruits["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruits["watermelon"]="green";
$founded = array_search("green", $fruits);
if($founded) 
 printf("%s was founded on %s.",$founded, $fruits[$founded])

程序运行结果如下:

复制代码 代码如下:
watermelon was founded on green.

array_keys()函数

array_keys()函数返回一个数组,其中包含所搜索数组中找到的所有键。其形式如下:

array array_keys(array array[,mixed search_value])

如果包含可选参数search_value,则只会返回与该值匹配的键。下面的例子将输出$fruit数组中找到的所有数组:

$fruits["apple"] = "red";
$fruits["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruits["watermelon"]="green";
$keys = array_keys($fruits);
print_r($keys);

程序运行结果如下:

复制代码 代码如下:
Array ( [0] => apple [1] => banana [2] => watermelon )

array_values()函数

array_values()函数返回一个数组中的所有值,并自动为返回的数组提供数值索引。其形式如下:

array array_values(array array)

下面的例子将获取$fruits中找到的各元素的值:

$fruits["apple"] = "red";
$fruits["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruits["watermelon"]="green";
$values = array_values($fruits);
print_r($values);

程序运行结果如下:

复制代码 代码如下:
Array ( [0] => red [1] => yellow [2] => green )

希望本文所述对大家的php程序设计有所帮助。

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