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PHP设计模式——门面模式

声明:本系列博客参考资料《大话设计模式》,作者程杰。

 

门面模式(有时候也称外观模式)是指提供一个统一的接口去访问多个子系统的多个不同的接口,它为子系统中的一组接口提供一个统一的高层接口。使用子系统更容易使用。

 

案例:炒股票,新股民不了解证券知识做股票,是很容易亏钱的,需要学习的知识太多了,这样新手最好把炒股的事情委托给基金公司,基金公司了解证券知识,那么新股民把自己的股票托管给基金公司去运营,这样新股民不必了解哪只股票的走势就可以完成股票的买卖。基金公司在这里就是一个门面,针对于新股民的门面。

 

UML类图:

\

角色分析:

门面(FacadeCompany)角色:此角色封装一个高层接口,将客户端的请求代理给适当的子系统对象,是门面模式的核心接口。

子系统(ICBC)角色:实现子系统的具体功能,处理FacadeCompany对象指派的任务。子系统没有FacadeCompany的任何信息,没有对FacadeCompany对象的引用。

 

具体代码案例:

 

<!--?php
/**
 * Created by PhpStorm.
 * User: LYL
 * Date: 2015/5/16
 * Time: 11:07
 */

/**阿里股票
 * Class Ali
 */
class Ali
{
    function buy()
    {
        echo 买入阿里股票<br/-->;
    }

    function sell()
    {
        echo 卖出阿里股票
;
    }
}

/**万达股票
 * Class Wanda
 */
class Wanda
{
    function buy()
    {
        echo 买入万达股票
;
    }

    function sell()
    {
        echo 卖出万达股票
;
    }
}

/**京东股票
 * Class Jingdong
 */
class Jingdong
{
    function buy()
    {
        echo 买入京东股票
;
    }

    function sell()
    {
        echo 卖出京东股票
;
    }
}

/**门面模式核心角色
 * Class FacadeCompany
 */
class FacadeCompany
{
    private $ali;

    private $wanda;

    private $jingdong;

    function __construct()
    {
        $this->ali=new Ali();
        $this->jingdong=new Jingdong();
        $this->wanda=new Wanda();
    }

    function buy()
    {
        $this->wanda->buy();
        $this->ali->buy();
    }

    function sell()
    {
        $this->jingdong->sell();
    }
}

客户端调用代码:

 

 

header(Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8);
//------------------------门面模式测试代码------------------
require_once ./Facade/Facade.php;

$lurenA=new FacadeCompany();
$lurenA->buy();
$lurenA->sell();

优势:

 

1)它可以对客户屏蔽子系统组件,因而减少了客户处理的对象的数目并使得子系统使用起来更加方便。

 

2) 它实现了子系统与客户之间的松耦合关系,而子系统内部的功能组件往往是紧耦合的。松耦合关系使得子系统的组件变化不会影响到它的客户。 Facade模式有助于建立层次结构系统,也有助于对对象之间的依赖关系分层。

3) Facade模式可以消除复杂的循环依赖关系。这一点在客户程序与子系统是分别实现的时候尤为重要。在大型软件系统中降低编译依赖性至关重要。在子系统类改变时,希望尽量减少重编译工作以节省时间。用Facade可以降低编译依赖性,限制重要系统中较小的变化所需的重编译工作。

4)Facade模式同样也有利于简化系统在不同平台之间的移植过程,因为编译一个子系统一般不需要编译所有其他的子系统。

 


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