search
HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialMySQL dynamic string processing_PHP tutorial

MySQL 之动态字符串处理

MySQL中,常常会看到一些关于动态字符串的处理,列如:DYNAMIC_STRING。为了记录动态字符串的实际长度,缓冲区的最大长度,以及每次字符串需要调整时,及时分配新的内存,以及调整长度。MySQL使用了DYNAMIC_STRING来保存动态字符串相关的信息:

<ol style="margin:0 1px 0 0px;padding-left:40px;" start="1" class="dp-css"><li>typedef struct st_dynamic_string<br /> </li><li>{<br /></li><li>char *str;<br /></li><li>size_t length,max_length,alloc_increment;<br /></li><li>} DYNAMIC_STRING; </li></ol>
在这个结构体中,str存储实际字符串的首地址,length记录字符串的实际长度,max_length记录字符串缓冲区最多可以存放多少字符,alloc_increment表示当字符串需要分配内存时,每次分配多少内存。

下面看看这个结构体的初始化过程:

<ol style="margin:0 1px 0 0px;padding-left:40px;" start="1" class="dp-css"><li>my_bool init_dynamic_string(DYNAMIC_STRING *str, const char *init_str,size_t init_alloc, size_t alloc_increment)<br /> </li><li>{<br /></li><li>size_t length;<br /></li><li>DBUG_ENTER("init_dynamic_string");<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>if (!alloc_increment) <br /></li><li>alloc_increment=128;<br /></li><li>length=1;<br /></li><li>if (init_str && (length= strlen(init_str)+1) < init_alloc) <br /></li><li>init_alloc=((length+alloc_increment-1)/alloc_increment)*alloc_increment; <br /></li><li>if (!init_alloc)<br /></li><li>init_alloc=alloc_increment;<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>if (!(str->str=(char*) my_malloc(init_alloc,MYF(MY_WME))))<br /></li><li>DBUG_RETURN(TRUE);<br /></li><li>str->length=length-1;<br /></li><li>if (init_str)<br /></li><li>memcpy(str->str,init_str,length);<br /></li><li>str->max_length=init_alloc;<br /></li><li>str->alloc_increment=alloc_increment;<br /></li><li>DBUG_RETURN(FALSE);<br /></li><li>} </li></ol>
从上述函数可以看到,初始化时,初始分配的字符串缓冲区大小init_alloc会根据需要初始的字符串来做判断。在分配好该DYNAMIC_STRING空间之后,我们会根据缓冲区的大小,字符串的实际长度,以及alloc_increment来初始化:length:字符串的实际长度max_length:缓冲区的最大长度alloc_increment:空间不够时,下次分配内存的单元大小.

初始化这些内容之后,如果下次需要在该缓冲区添加更多字符,就可以根据这些值来判断是否需要对该缓冲区扩容:

<ol style="margin:0 1px 0 0px;padding-left:40px;" start="1" class="dp-css"><li>my_bool dynstr_append_mem(DYNAMIC_STRING *str, const char *append,<br /> </li><li>size_t length)<br /></li><li>{<br /></li><li>char *new_ptr;<br /></li><li>if (str->length+length >= str->max_length) //如果新增字符串后,总长度超过缓冲区大小<br /></li><li>{<br /></li><li>//需要分配多少个alloc_increment 大小的内存,才能存下新增后的字符串<br /></li><li>size_t new_length=(str->length+length+str->alloc_increment)/<br /></li><li>str->alloc_increment; <br /></li><li>new_length*=str->alloc_increment;<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>if (!(new_ptr=(char*) my_realloc(str->str,new_length,MYF(MY_WME))))<br /></li><li>return TRUE;<br /></li><li>str->str=new_ptr;<br /></li><li>str->max_length=new_length;<br /></li><li>}<br /></li><li>//将新分配的内容,append到str之后<br /></li><li>memcpy(str->str + str->length,append,length);<br /></li><li>str->length+=length; //扩容之后str新的长度<br /></li><li>str->str[str->length]=0; /* Safety for C programs */ //字符串最后一个字符为’\0'<br /></li><li>return FALSE;<br /></li><li>} </li></ol>
从上述代码可以看到,在字符串初始化化好之后,之后如果需要给该字符串增加新的内容,只需要根据之前存储的信息来动态的realloc就好了。由于该结构体记录了字符串相关的完整内容,所以动态的扩容会非常方便处理。
当然,除了这些,还有比如字符串截断,字符串初始设置,转义OS的引号等等:将字符串偏移大于N之后的截断。

<ol style="margin:0 1px 0 0px;padding-left:40px;" start="1" class="dp-css"><li>my_bool dynstr_trunc(DYNAMIC_STRING *str, size_t n)<br /> </li><li>{<br /></li><li>str->length-=n;<br /></li><li>str->str[str->length]= '\0';<br /></li><li>return FALSE;<br /></li><li>} </li></ol>
返回字符串中第一次出现某个字符的地址。若没有,则返回字符串结尾的地址(指向’\0')

<ol style="margin:0 1px 0 0px;padding-left:40px;" start="1" class="dp-css"><li>char *strcend(register const char *s, register pchar c)<br /> </li><li>{<br /></li><li>for (;;)<br /></li><li>{<br /></li><li>if (*s == (char) c) return (char*) s;<br /></li><li>if (!*s++) return (char*) s-1;<br /></li><li>}<br /></li><li>} </li></ol>
字符串内容扩容:

<ol style="margin:0 1px 0 0px;padding-left:40px;" start="1" class="dp-css"><li>my_bool dynstr_realloc(DYNAMIC_STRING *str, size_t additional_size)<br /> </li><li>{<br /></li><li>DBUG_ENTER("dynstr_realloc");<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>if (!additional_size) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE);<br /></li><li>if (str->length + additional_size > str->max_length) //如果新的字符串内容超过缓冲区的最大长度<br /></li><li>{<br /></li><li>str->max_length=((str->length + additional_size+str->alloc_increment-1)/<br /></li><li>str->alloc_increment)*str->alloc_increment;<br /></li><li>if (!(str->str=(char*) my_realloc(str->str,str->max_length,MYF(MY_WME))))<br /></li><li>DBUG_RETURN(TRUE);<br /></li><li>}<br /></li><li>DBUG_RETURN(FALSE);<br /></li><li>} </li></ol>
对字符串用引号括起来,对其中的单引号进行转义,主要用于执行一些系统命令(system(cmd))。比如:ls -al 会变成 \'ls -al\'比如:ls -a’l会变成\’ls -a\\\’l\'

<ol style="margin:0 1px 0 0px;padding-left:40px;" start="1" class="dp-css"><li>/*<br /> </li><li>Concatenates any number of strings, escapes any OS quote in the result then<br /></li><li>surround the whole affair in another set of quotes which is finally appended<br /></li><li>to specified DYNAMIC_STRING. This function is especially useful when<br /></li><li>building strings to be executed with the system() function.<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>@param str Dynamic String which will have addtional strings appended.<br /></li><li>@param append String to be appended.<br /></li><li>@param ... Optional. Additional string(s) to be appended.<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>@note The final argument in the list must be NullS even if no additional<br /></li><li>options are passed.<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>@return True = Success.<br /></li><li>*/<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>my_bool dynstr_append_os_quoted(DYNAMIC_STRING *str, const char *append, ...)<br /></li><li>{<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>const char *quote_str= "\'";<br /></li><li>const uint quote_len= 1;<br /></li><li>my_bool ret= TRUE;<br /></li><li>va_list dirty_text;<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>ret&= dynstr_append_mem(str, quote_str, quote_len); /* Leading quote */<br /></li><li>va_start(dirty_text, append);<br /></li><li>while (append != NullS)<br /></li><li>{<br /></li><li>const char *cur_pos= append;<br /></li><li>const char *next_pos= cur_pos;<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>/* Search for quote in each string and replace with escaped quote */<br /></li><li>while(*(next_pos= strcend(cur_pos, quote_str[0])) != '\0')<br /></li><li>{<br /></li><li>ret&= dynstr_append_mem(str, cur_pos, (uint) (next_pos - cur_pos));<br /></li><li>ret&= dynstr_append_mem(str ,"\\", 1);<br /></li><li>ret&= dynstr_append_mem(str, quote_str, quote_len);<br /></li><li>cur_pos= next_pos + 1;<br /></li><li>}<br /></li><li>ret&= dynstr_append_mem(str, cur_pos, (uint) (next_pos - cur_pos));<br /></li><li>append= va_arg(dirty_text, char *);<br /></li><li>}<br /></li><li>va_end(dirty_text);<br /></li><li>ret&= dynstr_append_mem(str, quote_str, quote_len); /* Trailing quote */<br /></li><li><br /></li><li>return ret;<br /></li><li>} </li></ol>
通过定义动态字符串的结构体信息,每次分次进行字符串添加更多字符,都会根据字符串的当前的长度动态的扩容。而且每次扩容后,该结构体都记录的当前字符串的实际信息(当前字符串的长度,缓冲器可容纳字符串的长度,进行扩容的单元长度)。这样,动态字符串的处理操作就变得非常方便了。



www.bkjia.comtruehttp://www.bkjia.com/PHPjc/1079090.htmlTechArticleMySQL 之动态字符串处理 MySQL中,常常会看到一些关于动态字符串的处理,列如:DYNAMIC_STRING。为了记录动态字符串的实际长度,缓冲区的最...
Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
The Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceThe Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceApr 19, 2025 am 12:23 AM

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesPHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesApr 19, 2025 am 12:21 AM

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages ​​that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedPHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedApr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryPHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryApr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideChoosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideApr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguagePHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguageApr 18, 2025 am 12:14 AM

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondPHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondApr 18, 2025 am 12:10 AM

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?Apr 17, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values ​​and handle functions that may return null values.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

Dreamweaver Mac version

Dreamweaver Mac version

Visual web development tools

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software