深入浅析php中sprintf与printf函数的用法及区别,sprintfprintf
PHP sprintf() 函数
把百分号(%)符号替换成一个作为参数进行传递的变量:
<?php $number = 2; $str = "Shanghai"; $txt = sprintf("There are %u million cars in %s.",$number,$str); echo $txt; ?>
定义和用法
sprintf() 函数把格式化的字符串写入变量中。
arg1、arg2、++ 参数将被插入到主字符串中的百分号(%)符号处。该函数是逐步执行的。在第一个 % 符号处,插入 arg1,在第二个 % 符号处,插入 arg2,依此类推。
注释:如果 % 符号多于 arg 参数,则您必须使用占位符。占位符位于 % 符号之后,由数字和 "\$" 组成。
语法
参数 | 描述 |
---|---|
format |
必需。规定字符串以及如何格式化其中的变量。 可能的格式值:
附加的格式值。必需放置在 % 和字母之间(例如 %.2f):
注释:如果使用多个上述的格式值,它们必须按照以上顺序使用。 |
arg1 | 必需。规定插到 format 字符串中第一个 % 符号处的参数。 |
arg2 | 可选。规定插到 format 字符串中第二个 % 符号处的参数。 |
arg++ | 可选。规定插到 format 字符串中第三、四等 % 符号处的参数。 |
PHP printf() 函数
输出格式化的字符串:
<?php $number = 9; $str = "北京"; printf("在%s有 %u 百万辆自行车。",$str,$number); ?>
定义和用法
printf() 函数输出格式化的字符串。
语法
printf(format,arg1,arg2,arg++)
参数 | 描述 |
---|---|
format |
必需。规定字符串以及如何格式化其中的变量。 可能的格式值:
附加的格式值。必需放置在 % 和字母之间(例如 %.2f):
注释:如果使用多个上述的格式值,它们必须按照上面的顺序进行使用,不能打乱。 |
arg1 | 必需。规定插到 format 字符串中第一个 % 符号处的参数。 |
arg2 | 必需。规定插到 format 字符串中第二个 % 符号处的参数。 |
arg++ | 可选。规定插到 format 字符串中第三、四等等 % 符号处的参数。 |
下面是一个示例:四舍五入保留小数点后两位
<?php $num1 = 21; echo sprintf("%0.2f",$num1)."<br />"; //输出 21.00 $num2 = 16.3287; echo sprintf("%0.2f",$num2)."<br />"; //输出 16.33 $num3 = 32.12329; echo sprintf("%0.2f",$num3)."<br />"; //输出 32.12 ?>
解释下 %0.2f 的含义:
% 表示起始字符
0 表示空位用0填满
2 表示小数点后必须占两位
f 表示转换成浮点数
转换字符
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
% 印出百分比符号,不转换。
b 整数转成二进位。
c 整数转成对应的 ASCII 字元。
d 整数转成十进位。
f 倍精确度数字转成浮点数。
o 整数转成八进位。
s 整数转成字串。
x 整数转成小写十六进位。
X 整数转成大写十六进位。
printf与sprintf的区别
1. printf函数:
int printf ( string format [, mixed args [, mixed ...]] ) Produces output according to format , which is described in the documentation for sprintf() . Returns the length of the outputted string.
把文字格式化以后输出,如:
$name="hunte"; $age=25; printf("my name is %s, age %d", $name, $age);
2. sprintf函数:
string sprintf ( string format [, mixed args [, mixed ...]] ) Returns a string produced according to the formatting string format .
跟printf相似,但不打印,而是返回格式化后的文字,其他的与printf一样。
3. print函数:
是函数,可以返回一个值,只能有一个参数。
int print ( string arg ) Outputs arg . Returns 1 , always.
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