我们经常会需要将一个块级元素设置大小让它显示在页面中,最常用的就是设置具体的值。
例如在页面上显示一个粉色背景的像素为200px*200px的方形
...#mydiv{ width:200px; height:200px;background-color:pink}...<div id="mydiv"></div>...
如果想让该div撑满整个浏览器窗口呢?
1.获取窗口的大小,然后再将值赋给改div的宽和高。(可以用javascript实现)
2.用height:100%;width:100%;
如果直接这样使用
...#mydiv{ width:100%; height:100%;background-color:pink;}...<div id="mydiv">div</div>...
你会发现是根本达不到预期的效果,撑起的部分还是靠div里面的文本
浏览器计算宽度时会参考浏览器窗口的宽度。如果你不给宽度设定任何缺省值,那浏览器会自动将页面内容平铺填满整个横向宽度。
但是浏览器根本就不计算内容的高度,除非内容超出了视窗范围(导致滚动条出现)。或者你给整个页面设置一个绝对高度。否则,浏览器就会简单的让内容往下堆砌,页面的高度根本就无需考虑。因为页面并没有缺省的高度值,所以,当你让一个元素的高度设定为百分比高度时,无法根据获取父元素的高度,也就无法计算自己的高度。
换句话说,父元素的高度只是一个缺省值:height: auto;。当你要求浏览器根据这样一个缺省值来计算百分比高度时,只能得到undefined的结果。也就是一个null值,浏览器不会对这个值有任何的反应。
那么,如果想让一个元素的百分比高度height: 100%;起作用,你需要给这个元素的所有父元素的高度设定一个有效值。
例如:在body中只有一个子元素div,该div的所有父元素就有:body和html
... html,body{ height: 100%; }#mydiv{background-color:blue;height:100%;width:100%}....<div id="mydiv"></div>
显示效果:

The future trends of HTML are semantics and web components, the future trends of CSS are CSS-in-JS and CSSHoudini, and the future trends of JavaScript are WebAssembly and Serverless. 1. HTML semantics improve accessibility and SEO effects, and Web components improve development efficiency, but attention should be paid to browser compatibility. 2. CSS-in-JS enhances style management flexibility but may increase file size. CSSHoudini allows direct operation of CSS rendering. 3.WebAssembly optimizes browser application performance but has a steep learning curve, and Serverless simplifies development but requires optimization of cold start problems.

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The roles of HTML, CSS and JavaScript in web development are: HTML is responsible for content structure, CSS is responsible for style, and JavaScript is responsible for dynamic behavior. 1. HTML defines the web page structure and content through tags to ensure semantics. 2. CSS controls the web page style through selectors and attributes to make it beautiful and easy to read. 3. JavaScript controls web page behavior through scripts to achieve dynamic and interactive functions.

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HTML is the cornerstone of building web page structure. 1. HTML defines the content structure and semantics, and uses, etc. tags. 2. Provide semantic markers, such as, etc., to improve SEO effect. 3. To realize user interaction through tags, pay attention to form verification. 4. Use advanced elements such as, combined with JavaScript to achieve dynamic effects. 5. Common errors include unclosed labels and unquoted attribute values, and verification tools are required. 6. Optimization strategies include reducing HTTP requests, compressing HTML, using semantic tags, etc.

HTML is a language used to build web pages, defining web page structure and content through tags and attributes. 1) HTML organizes document structure through tags, such as,. 2) The browser parses HTML to build the DOM and renders the web page. 3) New features of HTML5, such as, enhance multimedia functions. 4) Common errors include unclosed labels and unquoted attribute values. 5) Optimization suggestions include using semantic tags and reducing file size.

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