php网站如何防止sql注入?
网站的运行安全肯定是每个站长必须考虑的问题,大家知道,大多数黑客攻击网站都是采用sql注入,这就是我们常说的为什么最原始的静态的网站反而是最安全的。 今天我们讲讲PHP注入的安全规范,防止自己的网站被sql注入。
如今主流的网站开发语言还是php,那我们就从php网站如何防止sql注入开始说起:
Php注入的安全防范通过上面的过程,我们可以了解到php注入的原理和手法,当然我们也同样可以制定出相应该的防范方法:
首先是对服务器的安全设置,这里主要是php+mysql的安全设置和linux主机的安全设置。对php+mysql注射的防范,首先将magic_quotes_gpc设置为On,display_errors设置为Off,如果id型,我们利用intval()将其转换成整数类型,如代码:
$id=intval($id);
mysql_query=”select *from example where articieid=’$id’”;或者这样写:mysql_query(”SELECT * FROM article WHERE articleid=”.intval($id).”")
如果是字符型就用addslashes()过滤一下,然后再过滤”%”和”_”如:
$search=addslashes($search);
$search=str_replace(“_”,”\_”,$search);
$search=str_replace(“%”,”\%”,$search);
当然也可以加php通用防注入代码:
/*************************
PHP通用防注入安全代码
说明:
判断传递的变量中是否含有非法字符
如$_POST、$_GET
功能:
防注入
**************************/
//要过滤的非法字符
$ArrFiltrate=array(”‘”,”;”,”union”);
//出错后要跳转的url,不填则默认前一页
$StrGoUrl=”";
//是否存在数组中的值
function FunStringExist($StrFiltrate,$ArrFiltrate){
foreach ($ArrFiltrate as $key=>$value){
if (eregi($value,$StrFiltrate)){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
//合并$_POST 和 $_GET
if(function_exists(array_merge)){
$ArrPostAndGet=array_merge($HTTP_POST_VARS,$HTTP_GET_VARS);
}else{
foreach($HTTP_POST_VARS as $key=>$value){
$ArrPostAndGet[]=$value;
}
foreach($HTTP_GET_VARS as $key=>$value){
$ArrPostAndGet[]=$value;
}
}
//验证开始
foreach($ArrPostAndGet as $key=>$value){
if (FunStringExist($value,$ArrFiltrate)){
echo “alert(/”Neeao提示,非法字符/”);”;
if (empty($StrGoUrl)){
echo “history.go(-1);”;
}else{
echo “window.location=/”".$StrGoUrl.”/”;”;
}
exit;
}
}
?>
/*************************
保存为checkpostandget.php
然后在每个php文件前加include(“checkpostandget.php“);即可
**************************/
另外将管理员用户名和密码都采取md5加密,这样就能有效地防止了php的注入。
还有服务器和mysql也要加强一些安全防范。
对于linux服务器的安全设置:
加密口令,使用“/usr/sbin/authconfig”工具打开密码的shadow功能,对password进行加密。
禁止访问重要文件,进入linux命令界面,在提示符下输入:
#chmod 600 /etc/inetd.conf //改变文件属性为600
#chattr +I /etc/inetd.conf //保证文件属主为root
#chattr ?I /etc/inetd.conf // 对该文件的改变做限制
禁止任何用户通过su命令改变为root用户
在su配置文件即/etc/pam.d/目录下的开头添加下面两行:
Auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_rootok.so debug
Auth required /lib/security/pam_whell.so group=wheel
删除所有的特殊帐户
#userdel lp等等 删除用户
#groupdel lp等等 删除组
禁止不使用的suid/sgid程序
#find / -type f \(-perm -04000 - o ?perm -02000 \) \-execls ?lg {} \;

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