search
HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial关于mysql set字段类型的模糊查询问题

有个40万条的测试数据表
flag  set('r', 'l', 'c', 'p') 

SELECT a. * , b.typedir
FROM mzrui_archives a
LEFT JOIN mzrui_kind b ON a.kid = b.uid
WHERE a.flag LIKE '%p%'
AND a.kid
IN ( 3, 17, 18 )
ORDER BY a.uid
LIMIT 0 , 15

这个语句查询需要2.5秒的时间,把like去掉后查询相当快,不知道怎么优化,求教。

uid是主键
key kid(kid,flag) 索引


回复讨论(解决方案)

既然是set,为何要like查询?   find_in_set('p',a.flag)

既然是set,为何要like查询?   find_in_set('p',a.flag)

find_in_set 的效率也是一样,我测试了,关键是find_in_set不能('c,p',a.flag)多条件,这样我查不出记录来

索引是不是有问题


既然是set,为何要like查询?   find_in_set('p',a.flag)

find_in_set 的效率也是一样,我测试了,关键是find_in_set不能('c,p',a.flag)多条件,这样我查不出记录来

你可以

find_in_set('p',a.flag) and find_in_set('c',a.flag)



既然是set,为何要like查询?   find_in_set('p',a.flag)

find_in_set 的效率也是一样,我测试了,关键是find_in_set不能('c,p',a.flag)多条件,这样我查不出记录来

你可以

find_in_set('p',a.flag) and find_in_set('c',a.flag)


是可以这样,但是效率还是一样,我现在关心的是效率问题,有没有方式可以提高效率

find_in_set会全表扫描,效率确实不高。
可以考虑更改你的表结构。
新建另一个中间表存储set的内容。每次进行连接查询,同时做好字段的索引,效率应该会稍微好一点。

如果你仅仅4个标识('r', 'l', 'c', 'p') ,不如用 1 2 4 8 作为标识位,用例如 1|2 = 3 的方式来标识flag,查询的时候可以 where flag & 2 的方式,应该会快不少

如果你仅仅4个标识('r', 'l', 'c', 'p') ,不如用 1 2 4 8 作为标识位,用例如 1|2 = 3 的方式来标识flag,查询的时候可以 where flag & 2 的方式,应该会快不少

你这样的不能模糊查询啊,比如我一条记录里有 1,2,4 这样的那值应该保存的是7
我要查询包含2的记录,where flag & 2 就查询不了吧????

如果你仅仅4个标识('r', 'l', 'c', 'p') ,不如用 1 2 4 8 作为标识位,用例如 1|2 = 3 的方式来标识flag,查询的时候可以 where flag & 2 的方式,应该会快不少

我测试了下 where flag & 2 效果和 like '%l%' 效果差不多,效率并无提高啊

对于 set 类型字段 find_in_set 用的就是位运算
不过 like '%l%' 这样肯定是不可取的,如果是 like '%l,r%' 或 like '%l,p%' 不就什么都找不到了吗?
当然,无论是 like 还是 find_in_set 都是要遍历整个表的,不然就不知道哪条记录能匹配的上
set 类型是按长整形存储的,加上索引可能会快些

对于 set 类型字段 find_in_set 用的就是位运算
不过 like '%l%' 这样肯定是不可取的,如果是 like '%l,r%' 或 like '%l,p%' 不就什么都找不到了吗?
当然,无论是 like 还是 find_in_set 都是要遍历整个表的,不然就不知道哪条记录能匹配的上
set 类型是按长整形存储的,加上索引可能会快些

是啊,你说的对。我加了这个key kid(kid,flag) 复合索引,不知道这样索引对不对,目前是2.5秒左右的查询时间,我要优化到0.0几秒以内。没别的办法的话只能修改表结构了


对于 set 类型字段 find_in_set 用的就是位运算
不过 like '%l%' 这样肯定是不可取的,如果是 like '%l,r%' 或 like '%l,p%' 不就什么都找不到了吗?
当然,无论是 like 还是 find_in_set 都是要遍历整个表的,不然就不知道哪条记录能匹配的上
set 类型是按长整形存储的,加上索引可能会快些

是啊,你说的对。我加了这个key kid(kid,flag) 复合索引,不知道这样索引对不对,目前是2.5秒左右的查询时间,我要优化到0.0几秒以内。没别的办法的话只能修改表结构了

like "%xxx"这种形式的查询。.由于索引基本都是B树或者B+树,所以是不会使用索引的

like和find_in_set在查询上都会遍历整个表,对四十来万的数据也许是2.5秒,但是以后如果数据再多的话上百万的话,还会更慢,并且,这两个都不会使用索引的,所以,如果想要再提升效率的话,只能再根据业务需求,去看看能不能改善sql。

你还可以 EXPLAIN 看看 mysql 的建议

id  select_type  table  type  possible_keys  key    key_len  ref       rows    Extra  
1    SIMPLE       a    index      kid      PRIMARY    4      NULL       15   Using where 
1    SIMPLE       b    eq_ref   PRIMARY    PRIMARY    3   mzrui.a.kid    1  


用explain解析出来是这样的,有什么优化建议?

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
The Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceThe Continued Use of PHP: Reasons for Its EnduranceApr 19, 2025 am 12:23 AM

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesPHP and Python: Exploring Their Similarities and DifferencesApr 19, 2025 am 12:21 AM

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages ​​that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedPHP and Python: Different Paradigms ExplainedApr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryPHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their HistoryApr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideChoosing Between PHP and Python: A GuideApr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguagePHP and Frameworks: Modernizing the LanguageApr 18, 2025 am 12:14 AM

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondPHP's Impact: Web Development and BeyondApr 18, 2025 am 12:10 AM

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?How does PHP type hinting work, including scalar types, return types, union types, and nullable types?Apr 17, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values ​​and handle functions that may return null values.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

SecLists

SecLists

SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools

Atom editor mac version download

Atom editor mac version download

The most popular open source editor

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software