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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP之八大排序算法插入排序(-)直接插入排序

直接插入排序:

插入排序是最简单的排序算法之一,对于有N个元素的序列,插入排序由N-1趟排序组成。它的工作原理是通过构建有序序列,对于未排序的数据,在已经排序序列中从后向前扫描,找到相应位置插入。

插入排序算法步骤:

  1. 将第一个待排序的序列的第一个元素看做一个有序序列,把第二个元素到最后一个元素当成是未排序序列。

  2. 从头到尾一次扫描未排序的序列,将扫描到的每个元素插入有序序列的适当位置(在这里需要注意一个问题,如果在有序序列中有一个和待插入的元素相等,则将待插入的元素查到此元素的后面,这样方式的插入排序是稳定的。如果插入到此元素的前面,那么此种方式的插入排序是不稳定的

    对于上面的步骤可以将插入排序的算法总结为:

    在第L趟排序中,将位置L上的元素向左移动到它在前L+1个元素中的正确的位置上,这里的前L个元素是有序的。


插入排序算法分析:

由于嵌套循环的每一个都花费N次迭代,因此插入排序的时间复杂度为O(N^2);

以上讲解的插入排序是插入排序算法中的直接插入排序,在有序序列中查找插入位置的时候是逐个查找,故称直接插入排序

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