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PHP 设计模式系列 -- 委托模式( Delegation)

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-23 13:18:58997browse

1、模式定义

委托是对一个类的功能进行扩展和复用的方法。它的做法是:写一个附加的类提供附加的功能,并使用原来的类的实例提供原有的功能。

假设我们有一个 TeamLead 类,将其既定任务委托给一个关联辅助对象 JuniorDeveloper 来完成:本来 TeamLead 处理 writeCode 方法,Usage 调用 TeamLead 的该方法,但现在 TeamLead 将 writeCode 的实现委托给 JuniorDeveloper 的 writeBadCode 来实现,但 Usage 并没有感知在执行 writeBadCode 方法。

2、UML类图

3、示例代码

Usage.php

<?phpnamespace DesignPatterns\More\Delegation;// 初始化 TeamLead 并委托辅助者 JuniorDeveloper$teamLead = new TeamLead(new JuniorDeveloper());// TeamLead 将编写代码的任务委托给 JuniorDeveloperecho $teamLead->writeCode();

TeamLead.php

<?phpnamespace DesignPatterns\More\Delegation;/** * TeamLead类 * @package DesignPatterns\Delegation * `TeamLead` 类将工作委托给 `JuniorDeveloper` */class TeamLead{    /** @var JuniorDeveloper */    protected $slave;    /**     * 在构造函数中注入初级开发者JuniorDeveloper     * @param JuniorDeveloper $junior     */    public function __construct(JuniorDeveloper $junior)    {        $this->slave = $junior;    }    /**     * TeamLead 喝咖啡, JuniorDeveloper 工作     * @return mixed     */    public function writeCode()    {        return $this->slave->writeBadCode();    }}

JuniorDeveloper.php

<?phpnamespace DesignPatterns\More\Delegation;/** * JuniorDeveloper 类 * @package DesignPatterns\Delegation */class JuniorDeveloper{    public function writeBadCode()    {        return "Some junior developer generated code...";    }}

4、测试代码

Tests/DelegationTest.php

<?phpnamespace DesignPatterns\More\Delegation\Tests;use DesignPatterns\More\Delegation;/** * DelegationTest 用于测试委托模式 */class DelegationTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase{    public function testHowTeamLeadWriteCode()    {        $junior = new Delegation\JuniorDeveloper();        $teamLead = new Delegation\TeamLead($junior);        $this->assertEquals($junior->writeBadCode(), $teamLead->writeCode());    }}
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