1. 使用外部文件
include()
require()
两个函数都是引用外部文件,但是include()函数使用时如果出错,PHP会生成一个错误警告,而requir()函数使用出错时,会终止脚本的运行.
注:
使用include函数和require函数时可以不是用 "()"
include('header.html'); = include 'header.html';
require('header.html'); = require 'header.html';
2. 定义常量
define('常量名','常量值');
例如:
define('PI',3.14);
print PI;
验证常量是否定义
difined('PI') // 返回True or false
注:
定义常量时,常量名称必须以字母开头,可以包含字母,数字,下划线的任意组合,并且是区分大小写的
常量是全局作用域的
常量的值不可改变,常量不可删除
常量只能有一个值
3. 使用日期
date(格式);
表中包含了date的函数格式
另, date函数还可以接受时间戳参数
mktime(hour,minute,second, month, day, year)函数用于生成时间戳
date(格式,时间戳);
注:
PHP5.1,需要在调用任何日期或时间相关的函数之前设置服务器时区
date_default_timezone_set(timezone);
4. 输出缓冲
ob_start(); // 开启输出缓冲
ob_end_flush(); //完成输出缓冲,将积累的缓冲发送到web浏览器
注:
ob_get_length()函数返回当前缓冲内容的长度(字符数);
ob_get_contents()函数可以返回当前缓冲区的内容,如果可以的话,可以将其赋值给变量
ob_flush()函数可以将缓冲中的当前内容发送到web浏览器中,并丢弃这些内容,一遍开启新的缓冲
ob_clean()函数删除缓冲区中的当前内容,不会停止缓冲过程
如果没有调用ob_end_flush()函数,PHP会在缓冲结束后自动调用.但是一般还是需要调用
5. 页面重定向
header('Location:重定向页面')
exit();
注:
如果浏览器已经收到了HTTP头信息,headers_sent()函数会返回True ,此时header()函数不可使用
所以使用header()函数时最好使用输出缓冲,并且在调用header()函数之前最好调用ob_end_clear()将缓存清空

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