PHP中10个不常见却很有用的函数
1. sys_getloadavg()
sys_getloadavt()可以获得系统负载情况。该函数返回一个包含三个元素的数组,每个元素分别代表系统再过去的1、5和15分钟内的平均负载。
与其让服务器因负载过高而宕掉,不如在系统负载很高时主动die掉一个脚本,sys_getloadavg()就是用来帮你实现这个功能的。
不过很遗憾,该函数在windows下无效。
2. pack()
Pack()能将md5()返回的32位16进制字符串转换为16位的二进制字符串,可以节省存储空间。
3. cal_days_in_month()
cal_days_in_month()能够返回指定月份共有多少天。
4. _()
WordPress开发者经常能见到这个函数,还有_e()。这两个函数功能相同,与gettext()函数结合使用,能实现网站的多语言化。具体可参见PHP手册的相关部分介绍。
5. get_browser()
在发送页面前先看看用户的浏览器都能做些什么是不是挺好?
get_browser()能获得用户的浏览器类型,以及浏览器支持的功能,不过首先你需要一个php_browscap.ini文件,用来给函数做参考文件。要注意,该函数对浏览器功能的判断是基于该类浏览器的一般特性的。例如,如果用户关闭了浏览器对JavaScript的支持,函数无法得知这一点。但是在判断浏览器类型和OS平台方面,该函数还是很准确的。
6. debug_print_backtrace()
这是一个调试用的函数,能帮助你发现代码中的逻辑错误。要理解这个函数,还是直接看个例子吧:
PHP代码
<p>$a = 0; function iterate() { global $a; if( $a < 10 ) recur(); echo $a . “, “; } <br /></p><p>function recur() { <br /></p><p>global $a; <br /></p><p>$a++; // how did I get here? <br /></p><p>echo “\n\n\n”; <br /></p><p>debug_print_backtrace(); <br /></p><p>if( $a < 10 ) iterate(); <br /></p><p>} <br /></p><p>iterate(); </p>
# OUTPUT:
#0 recur() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:8] #1 iterate() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:25] #0 recur() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:8] #1 iterate() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:21] #2 recur() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:8] #3 iterate() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:25] #0 recur() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:8] #1 iterate() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:21] #2 recur() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:8] #3 iterate() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:21] #4 recur() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:8] #5 iterate() called at [C:\htdocs\php_stuff\index.php:25]
7. metaphone()
这个函数返回单词的metaphone值,相同读音的单词具有相同的metaphone值,也就是说这个函数可以帮你判断两个单词的读音是否相同。不过对中文就无效了。。。
8. natsort()
natsort()能将一个数组以自然排序法进行排列,直接看个例子吧:
PHP代码
<p>$items = array( “100 apples”, “5 apples”, “110 apples”, “55 apples” ); // normal sorting: <br /></p><p>sort($items); <br /></p><p>print_r($items); <br /></p><p># Outputs: <br /></p><p># Array <br /></p><p># ( <br /></p><p># [0] => 100 apples <br /></p><p># [1] => 110 apples <br /></p><p># [2] => 5 apples <br /></p><p># [3] => 55 apples <br /></p><p># ) <br /></p><p>natsort($items); <br /></p><p>print_r($items); <br /></p><p># Outputs: <br /></p><p># Array <br /></p><p># ( <br /></p><p># [2] => 5 apples <br /></p><p># [3] => 55 apples <br /></p><p># [0] => 100 apples <br /></p><p># [1] => 110 apples <br /></p><p># ) </p>
9. levenshtein()
Levenshtein()告诉你两个单词之间的“距离”。它告诉你如果想把一个单词变成另一个单词,需要插入、替换和删除多少字母。
看个例子吧:
PHP代码
<p>$dictionary = array( “php”, “javascript”, “css” ); <br /></p><p>$word = “japhp”; <br /></p><p>$best_match = $dictionary[0]; <br /></p><p>$match_value = levenshtein($dictionary[0], $word); <br /></p><p>foreach($dictionary as $w) { <br /></p><p>$value = levenshtein($word, $w); <br /></p><p>if( $value < $match_value ) { <br /></p><p>$best_match = $w; <br /></p><p>$match_value = $value; <br /></p><p>} <br /></p><p>} <br /></p><p>echo “Did you mean the ‘$best_match’ category?”; </p>
10. glob()
glob()会让你觉得用opendir(), readdir()和closedir()来寻找文件非常蠢。
PHP代码
<p>foreach (glob(“*.php”) as $file) <br /></p><p>echo “$file\n”;</p>

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.

In PHP, use the clone keyword to create a copy of the object and customize the cloning behavior through the \_\_clone magic method. 1. Use the clone keyword to make a shallow copy, cloning the object's properties but not the object's properties. 2. The \_\_clone method can deeply copy nested objects to avoid shallow copying problems. 3. Pay attention to avoid circular references and performance problems in cloning, and optimize cloning operations to improve efficiency.

PHP is suitable for web development and content management systems, and Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and automation scripts. 1.PHP performs well in building fast and scalable websites and applications and is commonly used in CMS such as WordPress. 2. Python has performed outstandingly in the fields of data science and machine learning, with rich libraries such as NumPy and TensorFlow.

Key players in HTTP cache headers include Cache-Control, ETag, and Last-Modified. 1.Cache-Control is used to control caching policies. Example: Cache-Control:max-age=3600,public. 2. ETag verifies resource changes through unique identifiers, example: ETag: "686897696a7c876b7e". 3.Last-Modified indicates the resource's last modification time, example: Last-Modified:Wed,21Oct201507:28:00GMT.

In PHP, password_hash and password_verify functions should be used to implement secure password hashing, and MD5 or SHA1 should not be used. 1) password_hash generates a hash containing salt values to enhance security. 2) Password_verify verify password and ensure security by comparing hash values. 3) MD5 and SHA1 are vulnerable and lack salt values, and are not suitable for modern password security.

PHP is a server-side scripting language used for dynamic web development and server-side applications. 1.PHP is an interpreted language that does not require compilation and is suitable for rapid development. 2. PHP code is embedded in HTML, making it easy to develop web pages. 3. PHP processes server-side logic, generates HTML output, and supports user interaction and data processing. 4. PHP can interact with the database, process form submission, and execute server-side tasks.

PHP has shaped the network over the past few decades and will continue to play an important role in web development. 1) PHP originated in 1994 and has become the first choice for developers due to its ease of use and seamless integration with MySQL. 2) Its core functions include generating dynamic content and integrating with the database, allowing the website to be updated in real time and displayed in personalized manner. 3) The wide application and ecosystem of PHP have driven its long-term impact, but it also faces version updates and security challenges. 4) Performance improvements in recent years, such as the release of PHP7, enable it to compete with modern languages. 5) In the future, PHP needs to deal with new challenges such as containerization and microservices, but its flexibility and active community make it adaptable.

The core benefits of PHP include ease of learning, strong web development support, rich libraries and frameworks, high performance and scalability, cross-platform compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners; 2) Good integration with web servers and supports multiple databases; 3) Have powerful frameworks such as Laravel; 4) High performance can be achieved through optimization; 5) Support multiple operating systems; 6) Open source to reduce development costs.


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