php 里面 filter 函数是一个函数系列的统称,filter 系列函数里面包括 filter_var 函数。filter 系列函数是 PHP 核心的组成部分。无需安装即可使用这些函数。
他主要用于对来自非安全来源的数据(比如用户输入)进行验证和过滤。而这里面 filter_var() 函数则主要是通过指定的过滤器来过滤变量。
filter_has_var()检查是否存在指定输入类型的变量。
filter_id()返回指定过滤器的 ID 号。
filter_input()从脚本外部获取输入,并进行过滤。
filter_input_array()从脚本外部获取多项输入,并进行过滤。
filter_list()返回包含所有得到支持的过滤器的一个数组。
filter_var_array()获取多项变量,并进行过滤。
filter_var()获取一个变量,并进行过滤。
下面主要来看看 filter_var 函数的定义和用法。filter_var() 函数作用是通过指定的过滤器过滤变量。如果成功,则返回已过滤的数据,如果失败,则返回 false。语法filter_var(variable, filter, options)参数 描述variable 必需。规定要过滤的变量。
filter 可选。规定要使用的过滤器的 ID。options 规定包含标志/选项的数组。检查每个过滤器可能的标志和选项。
至于使用什么过滤器,可参见完整的 PHP Filter 参考手册,查看可与该函数一同使用的过滤器:http://cn2.php.net/manual/zh/filter.filters.validate.php中文的解释如下:
FiltersID 名称及描述
FILTER_CALLBACK:调用用户自定义函数来过滤数据。
FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING:去除标签,去除或编码特殊字符。
FILTER_SANITIZE_STRIPPED:"string" 过滤器的别名。
FILTER_SANITIZE_ENCODED:URL-encode 字符串,去除或编码特殊字符。
FILTER_SANITIZE_SPECIAL_CHARS:HTML 转义字符 '"& 以及 ASCII 值小于 32 的字符。
FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL:删除所有字符,除了字母、数字以及 !#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{|}~@.[]
FILTER_SANITIZE_URL:删除所有字符,除了字母、数字以及 $-_.+!*'(),{}|\\^~[]`#%";/?:@&=
FILTER_SANITIZE_NUMBER_INT:删除所有字符,除了数字和 +-
FILTER_SANITIZE_NUMBER_FLOAT:删除所有字符,除了数字、+- 以及 .,eE。
FILTER_SANITIZE_MAGIC_QUOTES:应用 addslashes()。
FILTER_UNSAFE_RAW:不进行任何过滤,去除或编码特殊字符。
FILTER_VALIDATE_INT:在指定的范围以整数验证值。
FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN:如果是 "1", "true", "on" 以及 "yes",则返回 true,如果是 "0", "false", "off", "no" 以及 "",则返回 false。否则返回 NULL。FILTER_VALIDATE_FLOAT:以浮点数验证值。
FILTER_VALIDATE_REGEXP:根据 regexp,兼容 Perl 的正则表达式来验证值。
FILTER_VALIDATE_URL:把值作为 URL 来验证。
FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL:把值作为 e-mail 来验证。
FILTER_VALIDATE_IP:把值作为 IP 地址来验证。
下面是一个使用验证Email的过滤器的示例:
<p><?php</p>//利用php filter_var 函数来检验电子邮件地址的正确性<br />if(!filter_var("someone@example....com",FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)){<br /> echo("不正确的Email");<br />}else{ <br /> echo("正确的Email");<br /><p>}</p>
以上结果将输出:
不正确的Email

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