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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialLaravel Eloquent 中 with() 函数只返回指定列

Laravel 提供了 Eager Loading使用 with()方法来缓解 N+1 的问题,但是在实际使用中还是存在一些问题的, with()会直接查询出表中所有的字段,而我们可能仅仅需要其中指定的某几个字段。

假如我们现在有两张表: user和 posts,每个 User 可以拥有多个 Posts,而每一篇 Post 只能属于一个 User。下面分别是 User Model 和 Post Model 中定义的关系:

// User.php public function post(){    return $this->hasMany('post');}// Post.phppublic function user(){    return $this->belongsTo('user');}

通过 with()方法,我们可以这样获取所有的 Posts 并同时查出对应的 User 信息,可以使用这样的方法:

public function getAllPosts() {    return Post::with('user')->get();}

这实际上会执行下面两句 SQL 语句:

select * from `posts`select * from `users` where `users`.`id` in (<1>, <2>)

但是我们可能并不需要 User 表中所有的字段,例如我们只需要 id和 username两个字段:

select * from `posts`select id,username from `users` where `users`.`id` in (<1>, <2>)

我们可以通过下面两种方法来实现。

方法一:在 with() 中指定

Post::with(array('user'=>function($query){    $query->select('id','username');}))->get();

方法二:修改 Model 文件

修改 Post.php 文件中 user() 方法:

public function user(){    return $this->belongsTo('User')->select(array('id', 'username'));}
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