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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutoriallaravel migration基础(数据库)

migration是一个命令行工具,功能很多,创建controller,middleware,数据库创建表等等。

过程

整个过程是使用migration工具创建一个可执行的php文件,这个文件里面有修改数据库的语句,然后执行这个可执行的php文件来写入数据库。

php artisan make:migration create_articles_table --create=articles

  • --create是指定数据库的表名字
  • create_articles_table是用migration生成的可执行的php文件名字

生成的可执行文件例子如下:

database/migrations/XXXX.php

class CreateArticlesTable extends Migration{    /**     * Run the migrations.     *     * @return void     */    public function up() //up代表创建数据库方法    {        Schema::create('articles', function (Blueprint $table) { //这里用了create            $table->increments('id');//这些是数据库的字段生成方法,详细可以参考https://laravel.com/docs/5.2/migrations#creating-tables            $table->timestamps();        });    }    /**     * Reverse the migrations.     *     * @return void     */    public function down() //down代表删除数据库方法    {        Schema::drop('articles'); //这里可以看到使用drop,主要是为了回滚或者清除数据库使用的。    }}

执行 php artisan migration写入数据库

rollback回滚数据库

php artisan migrate::rollback回滚上一次操作,rollback主要靠down方法和一个记录回滚操作的表来实现。

增加字段

php artisan make:migration add_info_column_to_articles --table=articles

  • --table是指定需要修改的表的名字

执行命令后会创建一个可执行的php文件,database/migrations/XXXX.php

class AddInfoColumnToArticles extends Migration{    /**     * Run the migrations.     *     * @return void     */    public function up()    {        Schema::table('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {            //这里写入你需要增加的字段即可        });    }    /**     * Reverse the migrations.     *     * @return void     */    public function down()    {        Schema::table('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {            //既然写入了增加的字段,然后这里写好这个字段的对应的删除方法,主要是为了以后删除该字段需要        });    }}

修改后再次执行 php artisan migration写入数据库

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