关于Python的文件遍历,大概有两种方法,一种是较为便利的os.walk(),还有一种是利用os.listdir()递归遍历。
方法一:利用os.walk
os.walk可以自顶向下或者自底向上遍历整个文件树,然后返回一个含有3个元素的tuple,(dirpath, dirnames, filenames),要注意的是,os.walk()会返回一个generater,所以调用的时候一定要放到for循环中。
import os
def walk_dir(dirname):
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(dirname):
for f in files:
yield os.path.join(root, f)
方法二:利用os.listdir()
这个方法也比较简单,列出目录然后判断是不是文件夹,不是的话直接返回文件路径,是的话递归调用。
import os
def walk_dir2(dirname):
for d in os.listdir(dirname):
path = os.path.join(dirname, d)
if os.path.isdir(path):
#note recursive in for...in...
for f in walk_dir2(path):
yield f
else:
yield path
这里值得一提的是,由于函数中使用了yield,所以会被认为是一个generater,递归调用的时候也需要放到for循环中,否则函数并不会被真正执行。最新的Python 3.3中引入了yield from语法,可以解决上面的问题。

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