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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialPython中文件遍历的两种方法

关于Python的文件遍历,大概有两种方法,一种是较为便利的os.walk(),还有一种是利用os.listdir()递归遍历。

方法一:利用os.walk

os.walk可以自顶向下或者自底向上遍历整个文件树,然后返回一个含有3个元素的tuple,(dirpath, dirnames, filenames),要注意的是,os.walk()会返回一个generater,所以调用的时候一定要放到for循环中。

复制代码 代码如下:

import os
def walk_dir(dirname):
 for root,dirs,files in os.walk(dirname):
  for f in files:
   yield os.path.join(root, f)



方法二:利用os.listdir()

这个方法也比较简单,列出目录然后判断是不是文件夹,不是的话直接返回文件路径,是的话递归调用。

复制代码 代码如下:

import os
def walk_dir2(dirname):
 for d in os.listdir(dirname):
  path = os.path.join(dirname, d)
  if os.path.isdir(path):
   #note recursive in for...in...
   for f in walk_dir2(path):
    yield f
  else:
   yield path

这里值得一提的是,由于函数中使用了yield,所以会被认为是一个generater,递归调用的时候也需要放到for循环中,否则函数并不会被真正执行。最新的Python 3.3中引入了yield from语法,可以解决上面的问题。
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