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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython Tutorialpython socket 超时设置 errno 10054

python socket.error: [Errno 10054] 远程主机强迫关闭了一个现有的连接。问题解决方案:

前几天使用python读取网页。因为对一个网站大量的使用urlopen操作,所以会被那个网站认定为攻击行为。有时就不再允许下载。导致urlopen()后,request.read()一直卡死在那里。最后会抛出errno 10054.

这个错误是connection reset by peer.也就是传说的远端主机重置了此连接。原因可能是socket超时时间过长;也可能是request = urllib.request.urlopen(url)之后,没有进行request.close()操作;也可能是没有sleep几秒,导致网站认定这种行为是攻击。

具体解决方案如下面的代码:

01.import socket 
02.import time 
03.timeout = 20  
04.socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)#这里对整个socket层设置超时时间。后续文件中如果再使用到socket,不必再设置  
05.sleep_download_time = 10 
06.time.sleep(sleep_download_time) #这里时间自己设定  
07.request = urllib.request.urlopen(url)#这里是要读取内容的url  
08.content = request.read()#读取,一般会在这里报异常  
09.request.close()#记得要关闭 

因为urlopen之后的read()操作其实是调用了socket层的某些函数。所以设置socket缺省超时时间,就可以让网络自己断掉。不必在read()处一直等待。

当然你也可以再外层再写几个try,except,例如:

try: 
  time.sleep(self.sleep_download_time) 
  request = urllib.request.urlopen(url) 
  content = request.read() 
  request.close() 
   
except UnicodeDecodeError as e: 
     
  print('-----UnicodeDecodeError url:',url) 
   
except urllib.error.URLError as e: 
  print("-----urlError url:",url) 
 
except socket.timeout as e: 
  print("-----socket timout:",url) 

一般来说就莫有问题了。我测试了几千个网页的下载,然后才说出此话。不过如果是下载成千上万的,我做了下测试,ms还是会跳出这个异常。可能是time.sleep()的时间太短,也可能是网络突然中断。我使用urllib.request.retrieve()测试了一下,发现不停的下载数据,总会有失败的情况出现。

简单的处理方法是:首先参照的我的文章:python检查点简单实现 。先做一个检查点。然后将以上会跑出异常的那段代码while True一下。参见下面的伪代码:

def Download_auto(downloadlist,fun,sleep_time=15): 
  while True:     
    try: # 外包一层try  
      value = fun(downloadlist,sleep_time) # 这里的fun是你的下载函数,我当函数指针传进来。 
      # 只有正常执行方能退出。  
      if value == Util.SUCCESS: 
        break 
    except : # 如果发生了10054或者IOError或者XXXError 
      sleep_time += 5 #多睡5秒,重新执行以上的download.因为做了检查点的缘故,上面的程序会从抛出异常的地方继续执行。防止了因为网络连接不稳定带来的程序中断。 
      print('enlarge sleep time:',sleep_time) 

不过对于找不到相应的网页,又要做另外的一番处理:

# 打印下载信息  
def reporthook(blocks_read, block_size, total_size): 
  if not blocks_read: 
    print ('Connection opened') 
  if total_size < 0: 
    print ('Read %d blocks' % blocks_read) 
  else: 
    # 如果找不到,页面不存在,可能totalsize就是0,不能计算百分比  
    print('downloading:%d MB, totalsize:%d MB' % (blocks_read*block_size/1048576.0,total_size/1048576.0)) 
    
 
def Download(path,url): 
#url = 'http://downloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/alliancep2p/Alliance-v1.0.6.jar' 
  #filename = url.rsplit("/")[-1]  
  try: 
  # python自带的下载函数  
    urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, path, reporthook) 
  except IOError as e: # 如果找不到,好像会引发IOError。 
    print("download ",url,"/nerror:",e) 
  print("Done:%s/nCopy to:%s" %(url,path)) 

如果大家还是遇到了问题...请再评论里注上其他解决方案。

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