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本文实例讲述了Python中bisect的用法,是一个比较常见的实用技巧。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

一般来说,Python中的bisect用于操作排序的数组,比如你可以在向一个数组插入数据的同时进行排序。下面的代码演示了如何进行操作:

import bisect
import random
random.seed(1)
print('New pos contents')
print('-----------------')
l=[]
 
for i in range(1,15):
  r=random.randint(1,100)
  position=bisect.bisect(l,r)
  bisect.insort(l,r)
  print '%3d %3d'%(r,position),l

输出结果为:

New pos contents
-----------------
 14  0 [14]
 85  1 [14, 85]
 77  1 [14, 77, 85]
 26  1 [14, 26, 77, 85]
 50  2 [14, 26, 50, 77, 85]
 45  2 [14, 26, 45, 50, 77, 85]
 66  4 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 85]
 79  6 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85]
 10  0 [10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85]
 3  0 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85]
 84  9 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85]
 44  4 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85]
 77  9 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85]
 1  0 [1, 3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85]

可以看到,在插入这些随机数的时候数组同时进行了排序。不过其中有一些重复的元素,比如上面的77,77。你可以对这些重复元素的顺序进行设置,如果希望重复的元素出现在与他相同的元素左边就是用bisect_left,否则就是用bisect_right,相应的使用insort_left和insort_right。比如下面的代码,我们可以看到出现重复的元素索引变化:

import bisect
import random
random.seed(1)
print('New pos contents')
print('-----------------')
l=[]
 
for i in range(1,15):
  r=random.randint(1,100)
  position=bisect.bisect_left(l,r)
  bisect.insort_left(l,r)
  print '%3d %3d'%(r,position),l

输出结果为:

New pos contents
-----------------
 14  0 [14]
 85  1 [14, 85]
 77  1 [14, 77, 85]
 26  1 [14, 26, 77, 85]
 50  2 [14, 26, 50, 77, 85]
 45  2 [14, 26, 45, 50, 77, 85]
 66  4 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 85]
 79  6 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85]
 10  0 [10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85]
 3  0 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85]
 84  9 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85]
 44  4 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85]
 77  8 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85]
 1  0 [1, 3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85]

此函数bisect.bisect(list,key) ,犹如java里的TreeMap的tailMap(fromkey)。

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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