本文实例讲述了python中元类用法,分享给大家供大家参考。具体方法分析如下:
1.元类(metaclass)是用来创建类的类
2.type(object):返回一个对象的类型,与object.__class__的值相同,type(name,bases,dict):创建一个新的type类型,name就是新class的name,值存到__name__属性中,bases是tuple类型,值会存到__bases__中,dict的值存到__dict__中
... a = 1
...
X = type('X', (object,), dict(a=1))
3.类默认是用type()创建的,通过定义类时指定metaclass参数或继承自某个类,而该类指定了metaclass参数,可以自定义类的创建过程
#该方法返回值就是__new__的namespace参数,如果没有该方法namespace的值就是dict()
@classmethod
def __prepare__(metacls, name, bases, **kwds):
return collections.OrderedDict()
#namespace就是class的__dict__,这个dict类型的对象已经被填充了相应的值
def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwds):
result = type.__new__(cls, name, bases, dict(namespace))
result.members = tuple(namespace)
return result
class A(metaclass=OrderedClass):
def one(self): pass
def two(self): pass
def three(self): pass
def four(self): pass
print(A.members)
#('__module__', '__qualname__', 'one', 'two', 'three', 'four')
希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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