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jQuery tool function learning materials_jquery

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1:URL操作:

$.param(obj)

返回 :string;

说明:将jquery对象按照name/value 或者key/value序列化为URL参数,用&连接。

示例:

var obj ={name:zh,age:20};
alert(jQuery.param(obj));
//alert "name=zh&age=20";
 

2:字符串操作:

jQuery.trim(str)

返回:string;

说明:去掉字符串首尾空格。

示例:

alert($.trim(" 123 "));
//alert "123";

3:数组和对象操作:

(1) :

&.each(obj,callback)

说明:

通用例遍方法,可用于例遍对象和数组。

不同于例遍 jQuery 对象的 $().each() 方法,此方法可用于例遍任何对象。

回调函数拥有两个参数:第一个为对象的成员或数组的索引,第二个为对应变量或内容。

如果需要退出 each 循环可使回调函数返回 false,其它返回值将被忽略。

示例:

var a =[0,1,2,3,4,5];
$.each(a,function(i,n){document.write(""+i+" and " +n +"
");});

//result:

/*0 and 0
1 and 1
2 and 2
3 and 3
4 and 4
5 and 5I*/

 

(2):

$.extend(obj,default,option)

说明:

在开发插件的时候最常用此函数函数来处理options.

下面是fancybox插件获取options的代码:

settings = $.extend({}, $.fn.fancybox.defaults, settings);

上面的代码target是一个空对象, 将默认设置defaults作为第一个对象,  将用户传入的设置setting合并到default上,  setting上有的属性以setting为准. setting没有传入的属性则使用default的默认值. 然后将合并的结果复制给target并作为函数返回值返回.

看一个完整的示例:

var empty = {} 
var defaults = { validate: false, limit: 5, name: "foo" }; 
var options = { validate: true, name: "bar" }; 
var settings = jQuery.extend(empty, defaults, options);
/*result:
settings == { validate: true, limit: 5, name: "bar" } 
empty == { validate: true, limit: 5, name: "bar" }*/

//target参数要传递一个空对象是因为target的值最后将被改变.比如:

var defaults = { validate: false, limit: 5, name: "foo" }; 
var options = { validate: true, name: "bar" }; 
var settings = jQuery.extend(defaults, options);

上面的代码将defaults作为target参数,  虽然最后settings的结果一样, 但是defaults的值被改变了! 而插件中的默认值应该都是固定! 所以使用时请注意target参数的用法.


(3):筛选

jQuery.grep( array, callback, [invert] )

返回值: Array

说明:

使用过滤函数过滤数组元素。

此函数至少传递两个参数:待过滤数组和过滤函数。过滤函数必须返回 true 以保留元素或 false 以删除元素。

讲解:

默认invert为false, 即过滤函数返回true为保留元素. 如果设置invert为true, 则过滤函数返回true为删除元素.

下面的示例演示如何过滤数组中索引小于 0 的元素:

$.grep( [0,1,2], function(n,i){ 
return n > 0; 
});

//results:[1,2]

 

(4).转换

jQuery.map( array, callback )

返回值:Array

说明:

将一个数组中的元素转换到另一个数组中。

作为参数的转换函数会为每个数组元素调用,而且会给这个转换函数传递一个表示被转换的元素作为参数。

转换函数可以返回转换后的值、null(删除数组中的项目)或一个包含值的数组,并扩展至原始数组中。

示例:

var arr = [ "a", "b", "c", "d", "e" ] ;

$("div").text(arr.join(", "));

arr = jQuery.map(arr, function(n, i){ return (n.toUpperCase() + i); });

$("p").text(arr.join(", "));

arr = jQuery.map(arr, function (a) { return a + a; });

alert(arr.join(", "));

//alert  A0A0, B1B1, C2C2, D3D3, E4E4

(5)

jQuery.makeArray( obj ) , jQuery.inArray( value, array ) ,jQuery.merge( first, second ) ,

jQuery.unique( array ) 就不再一一介绍了,

还有JavaScript的join()和split()方法也很重要。

4:测试操作:

(1):

$.isFunction(fn)

返回:Boolean;

说明:测试是否为函数;

示例:

var fn =function(){};

alert($.isFunction(fn));

//alert true;

(2):

$.isArray(obj);

返回:Boolean;

说明:测试是否为数组:

示例:略;

(3):

JavaScript只带的 isNan()和isFinite():非数字和无穷大;

 

5:浏览器对象:

 

jQuery的优秀就在于其跨浏览器的特性, 通常我们不用再针对不同浏览器书写不同的代码.  但是如果是jQuery开发人员或者插件开发人员就要自行处理浏览器差异, 以便为用户提供跨浏览器的特性.

jQuery提供了下列属性用于获取浏览器特性:

jQuery.support

1.3后版本新增
jQuery.browser 已废除

jQuery.browser.version

已废除
jQuery.boxModel 已废除

$.support:

New in jQuery 1.3. A set of properties used to display the features and bugs of different browsers.

jQuery provides a series of attributes, and you can also add your own attributes freely. Many of these properties are very low-level, so it's hard to say whether they will remain effective over time, but these are mainly intended for plugin and kernel developers.

All of these supported attribute values ​​are implemented via feature detection, rather than any browser detection. Here are some great resources explaining how these feature detections work:

  • http://peter.michaux.ca/articles/feature-detection-state-of-the-art-browser-scripting
  • http://yura.thinkweb2.com/cft/
  • http://www.jibbering.com/faq/faq_notes/not_browser_detect.html

jQuery.support mainly includes the following tests:

boxModel: equals true if this page and browser are rendered using the W3C CSS box model. Normally this value is false in quirks mode of IE 6 and IE 7. This value is null until the document is ready.

cssFloat: Returns true if cssFloat is used to access the CSS float value. Currently, false is returned in IE, and styleFloat is used instead.

hrefNormalized: Returns true if the browser returns the intact result from getAttribute("href"). In IE it will return false because its URLs have been normalized.

htmlSerialize: If the browser will serialize these links when inserting link elements through innerHTML, it will return true. Currently, IE returns false.

leadingWhitespace: Returns true if the browser will keep leading whitespace characters when using innerHTML, currently returns false in IE 6-8.

noCloneEvent: Returns true if the browser will not copy the event handler when cloning the element. Currently, it returns false in IE.

objectAll: true if executing getElementsByTagName("*") on an element object will return all descendant elements, currently false in IE 7.

opacity: Returns true if the browser can properly interpret the transparency style attribute, currently returns false in IE because it uses an alpha filter instead.

scriptEval: When using the appendChild/createTextNode method to insert script code, whether the browser executes the script, currently returns false in IE, and IE uses the .text method to insert script code for execution.

style: true if getAttribute("style") returns the element's inline style. Currently it is false in IE because it uses cssText instead.

tbody: Returns true if the browser allows table elements not to contain tbody elements. Currently, false is returned in IE, and it will automatically insert the missing tbody.

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