PHP高级工程师的面试题
1. 基本知识点
- HTTP协议中几个状态码的含义:503 500 401 200 301 302。。。
- Include require include_once require_once 的区别.
- PHP/Mysql中几个版本的进化史,比如mysql4.0到4.1,PHP 4.x到5.1的重大改进等等。
- HEREDOC介绍
- 写出一些php魔幻方法;
- 一些编译php时的configure 参数
- 向php传入参数的两种方法。
- (mysql)请写出数据类型(int char varchar datetime text)的意思; 请问varchar和char有什么区别;
- error_reporting 等调试函数使用
- 您是否用过版本控制软件? 如果有您用的版本控制软件的名字是?
- posix和perl标准的正则表达式区别;
- Safe_mode 打开后哪些地方受限.
- 写代码来解决多进程/线程同时读写一个文件的问题。
- 写一段上传文件的代码。
- Mysql 的存储引擎,myisam和innodb的区别。
2. web 架构,安全,项目经验
- 介绍xdebug,apc,eAccelerator,Xcache,Zend opt的使用经验。
- 使用mod_rewrite,在服务器上没有/archivers/567.html这个物理文件时,重定向到index.php?id=567 ,请先打开mod_rewrite.
- MySQL数据库作发布系统的存储,一天五万条以上的增量,预计运维三年,怎么优化?
- 写出一种排序算法(原理),并说出优化它的方法。
- 请简单阐述您最得意的开发之作
- 对于大流量的网站,您采用什么样的方法来解决各页面访问量统计问题
- 您是否用过模板引擎? 如果有您用的模板引擎的名字是?
- 请介绍Session的原理,大型网站中Session方面应注意什么?
- 测试php性能和mysql数据库性能的工具,和找出瓶颈的方法。
- 正则提出一个网页中的所有链接.
- 介绍一下常见的SSO(单点登陆)方案(比如dedecms整合discuz的passport)的原理。
- 您写过的PHP框架的特点,主要解决什么问题,与其他框架的不同点。
- 大型的论坛/新闻文章系统/SNS网站在性能优化上有什么区别?
- 相册类应用:要求在浏览器中能同时选中并上传多个文件,图片要求能剪裁,压缩包在服务器端解压。能上传单个达50M的文件。上传过程中有进度条显示。每个图片能生成四种大小缩略图,视频文件要转成flv供flash播放。叙述要涉及的各类开源软件和简单用途。
- 一群猴子排成一圈,按1,2,…,n依次编号。然后从第1只开始数,数到第m只,把它踢出圈,从它后面再开始数,再数到第m只,在把它 踢出去…,如此不停的进行下去,直到最后只剩下一只猴子为止,那只猴子就叫做大王。要求编程模拟此过程,输入m、n, 输出最后那个大王的编号。用程序模拟该过程。
3. unix/linux 基本使用
- linux下查看当前系统负载信息的一些方法。
- vim的基本快捷键。
- ssh 安全增强方法;密码方式和rsa key 方式的配置。
- rpm/apt/yum/ports 装包,查询,删除的基本命令。
- Makefile的基本格式,gcc 编译,连接的命令,-O0 和-O3区别。
- gdb,strace,valgrind的基本使用.
4. 前端,HTML,JS
- css盒模型。
- javascript中的prototype。
- javascript中this对象的作用域。
- IE和firefox事件冒泡的不同。
- 什么是怪异模式,标准模式,近标准模式。
- DTD的定义
- IE/firefox常用hack.
- firefox,IE下的前端js/css调试工具。

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP makes it easy to create interactive web content. 1) Dynamically generate content by embedding HTML and display it in real time based on user input or database data. 2) Process form submission and generate dynamic output to ensure that htmlspecialchars is used to prevent XSS. 3) Use MySQL to create a user registration system, and use password_hash and preprocessing statements to enhance security. Mastering these techniques will improve the efficiency of web development.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.


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