php实现url伪静态化,全过程详解
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url的静态化,我一般借助于apache,nginx,htaccess等,很少用php来实现url的静态化,用php来实现静态化比较麻烦,所以就个人而言是不推荐使用php来实现url静态化
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一,url的静态化实现的原理
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1,通过程序来把动态的url转换成静态的url,转换方法最好是统一的接口。把静态的url放到html中,这样我们通过页面看到的就是静态的url。
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2,apache或者其他,加载rewrite模块,添加重写规则。这样当我们点页面中的静态url时,就可以转向正确的url了。虽然执行的还是php文件,但是浏览器的地址栏中显示出来的,还是静态的url。
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如果用php来实现url静态化,也要保持地址栏里面也要静态的url,这个比较麻烦的,下面就这个来举个简单的例子。
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二,把动态url转换成静态url
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<?php //将url转换成静态url function url_rewrite($file,$params = array (),$html = "",$rewrite = true) { if ($rewrite) { //开发阶段是不要rewrite,所在开发的时候,把$rewrite = false $url = ($file == 'index') ? '' : '/' . $file; if (!empty ($params) && is_array($params)) $url .= '/' . implode('/', $params); if (!empty ($html)) $url .= '.' . $html; } else { $url = ($file == 'index') ? '/' : '/' . $file; if (substr($url, -4) != '.php' && $file != 'index') $url .= '.php'; if (!empty ($params) && is_array($params)) $url .= '?' . http_build_query($params); } return $url; } echo url_rewrite('test.php',array('class'=>"User",'act'=>'check','name'=>'tank')); //$rewrite = false的情况下,显示如下/test.php?class=User&act=check&name=tank echo url_rewrite('test.php', array ('class'=>"User",'act'=>'check','name'=>'tank')); //$rewrite = true的情况下,显示如下/test.php/User/check/tank echo url_rewrite('test', array ('class'=>"User",'act'=>'check','name'=>'tank')); //$rewrite = true的情况下,显示如下/test/User/check/tank echo url_rewrite('test', array ('class'=>"User",'act'=>'check','name'=>'tank'),'html'); //$rewrite = true的情况下,显示如下/test/User/check/tank.html ?> <a href="./test3<?php%20echo%20url_rewrite('test.php',array('class'=>" user>'check','name'=>'tank'));?>">test</a>?
上面简单的写了一个方法,把动态url转换成静态的url,页面中会产生链接如下:
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<a href="./test3/test.php/User/check/tank">test</a>?
到这儿如果直接点击的话,肯定会报404错误的,因为根不可能找到tank这个目录的。难点也在这儿,所以我们要把找不到的目录和文件指定一个php文件。这个要利用到apache,nginx,或者htaccess等。
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三,指定一个统一入口
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RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f //找不到文件 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d //打不到目录 RewriteRule . /test3/index.php [L]?
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不管你是以.htaccess的方式来实现,还是写在apache等的配置文件中,都是可以的。上面三句话是什么意思呢,如果找不到目录转到index.php文件,如果找不到文件,也转到index.php。
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这样做了,当我们访问http://localhost/test3/test.php/User/check/tank时候,就会转到index.php来,既然知道到那个php文件了,那就好办了。
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以下内容都是以http://localhost/test3/test.php/User/check/tank这种重写的方式来操作的,其他方式也都差不多。
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四,index.php文件
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<?php $filename = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; //请求的url /**请求的url,"/test3/test.php/User/check/tank" * test.php 要去的php文件 * User 是class名 * check 是class中的方法名 * tank 是要传到check的参数*/ preg_match("/(\w+\.php)/",$filename,$match); //查找php文件名 $array = explode('/',$filename); //将静态url进行分割 $key = array_keys($array,$match[0]); //得到文件所对应的下标Array ( [0] => 2 ) $file_array = array_slice($array,0,$key[0]+1); //Array ( [0] => [1] => test3 [2] => test.php ) $param_array = array_slice($array,$key[0]+1); //Array ( [0] => User [1] => check [2] => tank ) $file_path = implode('/',$file_array); if($array[$key[0]] != "index.php"){ include_once($array[$key[0]]); //包函请求url中的php文件,在这里是test.php } if(class_exists($param_array[0])){ //判断一下test.php这个文件中有没有User这个class $obj = new $param_array[0]; if(method_exists($obj,$param_array[1])){ //判断一下User这个class中有有没有check这个方法 $obj->$param_array[1]($param_array[2]); //调用这个方法,结果是(我的名子叫tank) } } ?>?
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五,test.php文件
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<?php class User { public function check($name){ echo "我的名子叫".$name; } } ?>?
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到这儿,当我们访问http://localhost/test3/test.php/User/check/tank这个网址的时候,
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结果如下:我的名子叫tank,并且地址栏还仍然保持着静态。
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到这儿通过php,我们完成了一个简单的url的重写过程。其实还是借助了.htaccess,或者apache等,但是重写的规则没有在.htaccess,或者apache中。如果完全用php来实现url的静态化,个人感觉,不可能。
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来源:http://blog.51yip.com/php/1219.html
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